Mapping Voids, Debonding, Delaminations, Moisture, and Other Defects Behind or Within Tunnel Linings (2013) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 43-46
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43 a p p e N D I x F accuracy The portable seismic property analyzer (PSPA) performs the ultrasonic surface wave and impact echo tests simultaneously.
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44 Cost The PSPA costs about $25,000. The speed of data collection can also be considered in the cost category because of the cost of traffic control and losses associated with traffic interruptions.
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45 Figure F.2. New PSPA defect maps on the bridge deck.
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From page 46... ...
46 than when the entire waveform is used. In the USW method, the surface wave energy should be reinforced by implementing proper filters to minimize the reflection and body wave energy.
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