Winter Design Storm Factor Determination for Airports (2012) / Chapter Skim
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9 This section describes a decision support tool in the form of a winter design storm identification process, shown in Figure 3-1. On the left side of the figure are data reflecting design storm factors discussed in Section 2.
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10 levels, or the risk of flooding airfield pavements or airfield equipment infrastructure such as electrical vaults. An example of the latter would be increased wildlife hazard risk with flooded areas with standing water.
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11 target level of service or the level of risk the airport is willing to assume in its deicing facility design approach. There are two distinct elements in defining the risk associated with each risk factor: severity and likelihood.
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12 data records are normally required. If it is determined that the data needed to support a robust analysis do not exist, then a simplified default approach is recommended, as discussed in Section 3.3.1.
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13 precipitation frequency analyses that provide the frequency of precipitation depths associated with different durations (depth-duration-frequency analyses)
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14 being designed. In such cases, using the annual statistics may result in oversizing the project components.
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15 Figure 3-2. Winter design storm frequency analysis process.
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16 situation is sizing a facility to store deicing runoff prior to its discharge to a wastewater treatment plant where the discharge rate to the plant is limited by concentration in the runoff. 3.4.3 Develop Time Series Deicer Usage for Historical Weather Conditions The next step is to develop a time series of deicer usage associated with the water budget time series over the simulation period (see example in Box 3-3)
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17 types of records. Similar relationships can be developed to describe Type II/IV deicer usage and airfield pavement deicer usage.
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18 are identified by statistically evaluating the time series data set. Assuming for simplicity's sake that the data set is based on a 1-day time step, the analysis can be described in the following steps: 1.
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19 3.4.7 Identify Design Event or Multiday Storm Based on Frequency of Delivery of Target Level of Service The process described in the preceding subsections will result in the identification of a subset of individual events or multiday storms that reflect conditions that recur at the defined target level of service. These events or storms may be similar or dissimilar in terms of meteorological, operational, and environmental factors, depending on a myriad of sitespecific characteristics and mechanisms that drive runoff volumes and rates, deicer loads and concentrations, discharge rates, and so forth.
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20 from earlier periods. An example of how this might be accomplished in identifying the winter design storm is provided in the Portland International Airport (PDX)
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