An Ecological Approach to Integrating Conservation and Highway Planning, Volume 2 (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 11-28
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11 C h a p t e r 2 Introduction The advantages of an ecosystem approach to sustaining and restoring ecological systems and their functions have long been recognized (Brown 2006; U.S. Council on Environmental Quality 1995)
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12 New transportation facilities must also meet the requirements of dozens of other federal, state, and local environmental and land use regulatory requirements (Bearden and Luther 2003; Dale et al. 2000; Phelan and Phelan 2007)
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13 focusing on software for spatial modeling and assessment that can be used to streamline the application of the steps in a GIS. The CEAA steps are described in the Framework (see Chapter 3)
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14 products from the spatial analyses should be consistent with the level of precision of the data inputs. In other words, expectations/needs for precision of results should be lower for larger regions compared with smaller corridor/MPO analyses.
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15 such as work by large national or regional conservation NGOs and some natural heritage programs. When no conservation priority area plans exist at the needed level of resolution, the partnership should decide if it will be more efficient to downscale existing coarse-scale plans or create an interim product from existing data on individual resources.
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16 is not legally protected, but the action would prevent achieving the resource retention goal. Identification of the specific resource and the amount of area affected can then help identify possible on-site or off-site mitigation options that could be pursued with interested REF partners.
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17 tory assurances throughout the transportation planning and project delivery process. Improving Wetlands Data Section 404 of the CWA is the key national regulatory mechanism to assure wetlands are not lost.
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18 Protection Agency 2007)
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19 now are available digitally. Figure 2.3 shows the current status of the state.
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20 NGO, or program from another state may need to complete the mapping. Once digital data are available nationally, the country has the potential to identify mitigation priority sites or create a mitigation and restoration catalog for all states, with sites located in each watershed.
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21 2004; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife 2006; The Wetlands Conservancy 2005)
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22 fact that the wetlands restoration or enhancement offers potential (secondary) improvement to water quality in water bodies exceeding water quality standards.
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23 Developing Inductive Species Maps for Federally Listed Species Most information on listed species locations currently exists in the form of observations, instead of habitat type and predicted distributions. Species occurrence is highly sensitive information and, as a result, is not readily shared with transportation agencies or the public.
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24 Figure 2.5. Map of federally listed species occurrences in Northwest Oregon.
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25 oped by New York and Oregon. Wyoming and Montana have expanded their capacity to create high-resolution maps of species distributions, whereas work is beginning in Colorado, New Mexico, Wisconsin, and elsewhere.
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26 team will tailor this ongoing effort to meet the needs of transportation planners and support the CEAA process. ecological accounting Ecosystem Services and Transportation Planning The need to better understand society's dependence on natural services and goods has led to the increased study of ecosystem services and the opportunity for ecosystem services to structure new management tools.
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27 unemployment, poverty, and educational attainment. In transportation, the numbers of daily trips and levels of services are assessed.
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28 narrow focus on a single resource frequently comes at the expense of other resources. This challenge has led to calls for a common set of units that can be measured with a bundled or stacked credit system.
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