Implementable Strategies for Shifting to Direct Usage-Based Charges for Transportation Funding (2009) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 51-62
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 51... ...
49 6. ELEMENTS OF A VMT-FEE SYSTEM This chapter begins by considering the key functions – metering, billing, and enforcement – that must be supported within a VMT system.
|
From page 52... ...
50 Cellular communications. Cellular is often considered as an option to support necessary communications.
|
From page 53... ...
51 metering systems, GPS can be used to ascertain the location, or even the specific route, of travel. Note that GPS technology is available in different grades of accuracy, ranging from errors on the order of several meters to errors on the order of several centimeters.
|
From page 54... ...
52 Fuel-consumption option. The concept here is to combine fuel consumption with information about a vehicle's fuel economy (based on make and model)
|
From page 55... ...
53 DSRC tolling on a partial road network. With this option, all vehicles would be equipped with an AVI device (likely using an RFID tag)
|
From page 56... ...
54 Table 6.1. Policy Goals Supported by Core Metering Options Supported Metering Capabilities and Policy Goals Core Metering Options Odometer Fuel-Consumption OBD II OBD II / Cellular Coarse Resolution GPS High Resolution GPS DSRC for Partial Road Network Metering Capabilities Accurate mileage X X X X X Full road network coverage X X X X X X Jurisdiction or area X X X Route or type of road X X Time of travel X X X X Fuel efficiency X X X X X Emissions X X X X X Weight X X X X X Policy Goals Preserve / augment revenue X X X X X X Accurately apportion revenue X X X Capture maintenance costs X Reduce congestion delays X X X X Reduce criteria pollutants X X X X X X Reduce greenhouse gases X X X X X X
|
From page 57... ...
55 6.4. Billing and Collections Options From a review of existing programs and proposals, there emerge four main options for assessing and collecting VMT fees.
|
From page 58... ...
56 Debit cards. This approach, used in the Singapore electronic road pricing program (Goh 2002)
|
From page 59... ...
57 approaches have been proposed to date, and the best option is not yet clear. It is likely, in fact, that a VMT-fee system reliant on an OBU would employ several redundant verification and enforcement strategies.
|
From page 60... ...
58 Second, how do the new administrative requirements relate to the functions of existing agencies? The answer may lead to one of four approaches: (1)
|
From page 61... ...
59 roadside assistance) and compete for customers on the basis of price and functionality.
|
From page 62... ...
60 Table 6.2. Potential Public and Private Roles in System Development and Administration System Development and Administrative Functions Public / Private Options Public Sector Not-for-Profit Entity Private Firm or Consortium Multiple Competing Firms In-vehicle Technology X X System Integration X System Operations X X X X Billing and Collections X X X Enforcement X Oversight X
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.