Understanding How Individuals Make Travel and Location Decisions: Implications for Public Transportation (2008) / Chapter Skim
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S U M M A R Y The purpose of this project (TCRP H-31) is to explore a broader social context for individual decision making related to residential location and travel behavior.
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2• Explore the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as an approach to understanding how individuals make travel and location decisions.
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3need to be placed on supplementing messages with a suite of services that enhance the overall transit riding experience. • Being able to depend on transit to "get me to my destination in a timely way" was a key driver of attitude.
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4• Making new friends with close neighbors in a compact neighborhood emerged as an important influencing factor, along with needing fewer cars and liking having public transportation readily available for the places you want to go. Marketing campaigns intended to promote the values of living in compact neighborhoods should emphasize these kinds of attributes and benefits.
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5Summary of Implications for Transit Managers Figure S-1 highlights some of the practical strategies that may be undertaken in an effort to promote living in compact neighborhoods and encourage more transit use and walking, as suggested by the research findings from this study. Practical implications of this research all derive from three component strategies for accomplishing the goals of the research, which include encouraging individuals to move to a compact neighborhood and encouraging them to increase their use of transit and walking in place of automobile use.
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6first. The promotional messages directed to these individuals will need to be tailored to their needs and matched with their attitudes and values, as identified herein.
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7and (b) increasing their use of public transportation and walking.
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8within walking distance. Their houses do not have significant amounts of parking or a large lot.
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9In spite of the level of contentment experienced, the environmentally oriented group seems open-minded about a change of lifestyle. The group is the oldest, and they have been living in their present home longer than any other group.
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10 statement, "For me to walk and take public transportation more would be desirable." However, this pattern of near-average support of statements related to mode change never translates into a top ranking on any key variable. The members of this group had the highest propensity to say that they liked to drive, with high scorings on the freedom and independence that comes from owning several cars.
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11 • Being able to "exercise by walking and biking" was rated as by respondents as the most important outcome of moving to a compact neighborhood. • Individuals who believed that moving to a compact neighborhood would expose them to more street noise or less living space had a more negative attitude toward the move.
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12 With the new services available, respondents significantly increased their rating of "I would rely on alternative transportation and walking to get me to my destination in a timely way." However, they decreased their rating of "I would improve my health and reduce pollution." Overall, their attitude towards taking transit and walking did not change. However, respondents significantly increased their belief that their families would approve of their taking transit and walking with the new services available, and, as would be predicted by the TPB, they increased their rating for the subjective norm.
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13 Table S-1 shows how selected travel characteristics vary by the different groups. For the two urban/environmental values groups, there is a significant difference in the percentage choosing transit and walking.
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14 jective norm, and self-confidence. This means that it is possible that other important factors have been left out of these models.
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