Public Transportation Passenger Security Inspections: A Guide for Policy Decision Makers (2007) / Chapter Skim
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15 Cities and transit systems outside the United States have had considerably more experience than U.S. cities and transit systems with terrorism and have already implemented many security measures, including CCTVs and smart cameras.
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benefits. Legal benefits include a diminished probability of allegations of racial/ethnic profiling, operational benefits include a decreased probability of queues occurring, and security benefits include the deterrence effect of randomness.
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Standoff explosive detection involves passive and active methods for sensing the presence of explosive devices when vital assets and those individuals monitoring, operating, and responding to the means of detection are physically separated from the explosive device. The physical separation should put the individuals and vital assets outside the zone of severe damage from a potential detonation of the device.24 However, one standoff technology, the X-ray backscatter technology, "sees" through clothing and has caused related privacy concerns.
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Technology Assessment In assessing PSI technologies, the first logical step would be to evaluate the operational feasibility of the technology types in a transit environment. The second step would be to compare technologies based on the following factors: accuracy, operational issues, legal issues, customer acceptance, health issues, and cost.
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The disadvantages of using canine teams were the following: • Consequences of poor planning are exacerbated by the importance of initial decision making to program capabilities and performance. Bad decisions cannot easily be overcome.
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look for "anxious, frightened, or deceptive behaviors." They then question passengers exhibiting such behaviors and score their answers against the SPOT index. The screeners then have four choices: they can (1)
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Behavioral Pattern Recognition Raffi Ron, an Israeli security expert, has trained personnel who work throughout airports, including parking lot attendants and flight attendants, in recognizing suspicious behavior. These personnel receive 4 hours of training about what behaviors to look for and where to report any suspicions.
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without being subject to random inspection, and doing so should not, in and of itself, be considered suspicious behavior. The procedures will have to be clearly aimed at something (e.g., preventing explosives from entering the transit system)
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After plaintiff, who was sporting a short beard and wearing casual clothing, deplaned at Logan, he made a phone call in a general access area of the airport. The plaintiff noticed that a state trooper was standing near him, apparently trying to overhear his conversation.
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to be nervous, as observed by an experienced anti-piracy officer; (2) the defendant had flown into San Antonio, taken a taxi to a downtown bus station, and returned to the airport 2 hours later; (3)
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ment."90 The Court noted that police discretion to arrest is limited in that in order to arrest the request for identification must be "reasonably related to the circumstances justifying the stop."91 Individual state constitutions may place greater restrictions on the right of police to request identification than does the Fourth Amendment. Questioning about Destination, Travel Plans, and Related Information.
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