Road Safety Audits (2004) / Chapter Skim
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From page 84... ...
83 APPENDIX D Audit Checklists FHWA Study Tour for ROAD SAFETY AUDITS Part 2 October 1997 Prepared by the Scanning Team: Michael Trentacoste FHWA Team Leader Patti Boekamp .
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From page 85... ...
84 3.1 Sample Checklists from Transit New Zealand: MASTER and STAGE 1 Excerpts are reprinted with permission from Transit and Transfund New Zealand.
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From page 87... ...
86 F1a STAGE 1 - FEASIBILITY (AF@) Check list F1a: General Topics: Broad Issues to be Addressed ITEM ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED CHECK 1 Scope of Project Function Traffic Mix A broad appreciation of the scope of the project will assist in addressing topics further on in this check list.
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From page 88... ...
87 F2,3 STAGE 1 - FEASIBILITY (AF@) ITEM ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED CHECK 1 Number and type of intersections Check the appropriateness of intersections with respect to the broad concept of the project, its function and traffic mix and also the need to serve intersecting roads appropriately to their function.
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From page 89... ...
88 3.2 Sample Checklist from Roads and Traffic Authority: STAGE 2 Excerpts are reprinted with permission from the Roads and Traffic Authority of New South Wales. N/A YES NO COMMENTS STAGE 2: DRAFT DESIGN At this stage, issues like intersection or interchange layout and the chosen design standards are addressed.
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From page 90... ...
89 N/A YES NO COMMENTS 8 Future Widening and/or Realignment 8A If the scheme is only a stag towards a wider or dual carriageway: - is the design adequate to impart this message to drivers? - is the signing adequate to impart this message to drivers?
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From page 91... ...
90 N/A YES NO COMMENTS 3 The Effect of Cross Sectional Variation 3A Is the design free of variations in cross section design that may have an adverse affect on road safety? 3B Are cross falls safe?
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From page 92... ...
91 N/A YES NO COMMENTS 2D Are transitions where the road environment changes safe?
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From page 93... ...
92 3.3 Sample Checklist from Austroads: STAGE 4 Excerpts are reprinted from Road Safety Audit, Austroads, 1994. ITEM ITEMS TO BE CONSIDERED CHECK COMMENTS 1 Carry out a general check -- particularly for matters changed at previous audits.
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From page 94... ...
93 ITEM ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED CHECK COMMENTS 1 Visibility of intersection Are drivers aware of the presence of the intersection (especially if facing a Stop/Give Way sign)
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From page 95... ...
94 ANNEX A: STAGE 1 CHECKLISTS -- COMPLETION OF PRELIMINARY DESIGN List A1 – General Item Possible Issues • Departures from Standards What are the road safety implications of any approved Departures from Standards or Relaxations? • Cross-sections How safely do the cross-sections accommodate drainage, ducting, signing, fencing, lighting and pedestrian and cycle routes?
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From page 96... ...
95 List A3-Junctions Item Possible Issues • Layout Is provision for right turning vehicles required? Are acceleration/deceleration lanes required?
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96 ANNEX B: STAGE 2 CHECKLISTS -- COMPLETION OF DETAILED DESIGN The Audit Team should satisfy itself that all issues raised at Stage 1 have been resolved. Items may require further consideration where significant design changes have occurred.
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From page 98... ...
97 • Adjacent Developments and Roads Has screening been provided to avoid headlamp glare between opposing carriageways, or any distraction to road users? Are there any safety issues relating to the provision of environmental barriers or screens?
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98 Are the dimensions of the markings appropriate for the speed limit of the road? Have old road markings and road studs been adequately removed?
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99 f) signs; g)
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From page 101... ...
100 ANNEX C: STAGE 3 CHECKLISTS -- COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION The Audit Team should consider whether the design has been properly translated into the scheme as constructed and that no inherent road safety defect has been incorporated into the works. Particular attention should be paid to design changes, which have occurred during construction.
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From page 102... ...
101 • Roundabouts Can the junction be seen from appropriate distances and is the signing adequate? • Traffic Signals Can the signals be seen from appropriate distances?
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From page 103... ...
102 Preliminary Design General Topics Item Issues to be Considered Check Comments 1 Changes since Stage 1 Check for any major changes in principle since the Stage 1 Audit was carried out. Check that the conditions for which the project was originally designed still apply, i.e., there have not been significant changes to the surrounding network or area to be served, or traffic mix.
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From page 104... ...
103 2 Typical crosssections Are the lane widths, shoulders, medians and other cross section features in accordance with standard design or adequate for the function of the road? 3 Effect of crosssectional variation Check that there are no undesirable variations in cross section design.
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104 Intersections Item Issues to be Considered Check Comments 1 Visibility to and visibility at intersection Are horizontal and vertical alignments consistent with the required visibility requirements? Will drivers be aware of the presence of the intersection (especially if facing a Stop/Yield sign)
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From page 106... ...
105 4 Equestrians and stock Have the needs of equestrians been considered, including the use of verges or shoulders and rules regarding the use of the roadway? Can underpass facilities be used by equestrians/stock?
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From page 107... ...
106 The ability to close the road for special events in a safe manner. The special requirements of scenic or tourist routes.
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From page 108... ...
107 13 Skid resistance Check the need for high level skid surface on grades or where braking or good road adhesion is essential. 14 Maintenance Check that maintenance vehicles can be safely located.
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From page 109... ...
108 Alignment Details Item Issues to be Considered Check Comments 1 Visibility, sight distance Are horizontal and vertical alignments consistent with the required visibility requirements? Confirm that the standard adopted for provision of visibility in the design is appropriate for the ruling or 85th percentile speed and for any nusual traffic mix.
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From page 110... ...
109 Intersections Item Issues to be Considered Check Comments 1 Visibility to and visibility at intersection Are horizontal and vertical alignments consistent with the required visibility requirements? Will drivers be aware of the presence of the intersection (especially if facing a Stop/Yield sign)
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From page 111... ...
110 Roundabouts and approach islands Check need for splitter islands. Check that center island is prominent.
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From page 112... ...
111 Signs and Lighting Item Issues to be Considered Check Comments 1 Lighting Is this project to be lit? Are there difficulties of illuminating sections of the road caused by trees or over bridges, for example?
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From page 113... ...
112 (f) The need to be able to see through bridge guard railing for safety purposes (g)
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From page 114... ...
113 Yes No N/A Comments ROAD SAFETY AUDIT -- GENERAL ISSUES (1 OF 2) INTERSECTIONS Are intersections free of sight restrictions that could result in safety problems?
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114 Yes No N/A Comments ROAD SAFETY AUDIT -- GENERAL ISSUES (2 OF 2) ROADSIDE FEATURES / PHYSICAL OBJECTS Are clear zones free of hazardous, non-traversable side slopes with no safety barriers?
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From page 116... ...
115 Yes No N/A Comments ROAD SAFETY AUDIT -- PAVED ROAD ISSUES (1 OF 1) PAVEMENT MARKINGS Is the road free of locations with pavement marking safety deficiencies?
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From page 117... ...
116 Yes No N/A Comments ROAD SAFETY AUDIT -- UNPAVED ROAD ISSUES (1 OF 1) ROADWAY SURFACE Is the road surface free of defects that could result in safety problems (e.g., loss of steering control)
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From page 118... ...
117 Road Safety Audits and Road Safety Audit Reviews Road safety audits (RSAs) , adaptable to local needs and conditions, are a powerful tool for state and local agencies to enhance the state of safety practices in their jurisdictions.
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From page 119... ...
118 Planning for an RSAR Program I Classify your roadway system functionally.
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From page 120... ...
119 RSA TOOL KIT Developed by Eugene M Wilson, Ph.D., PE, PTOE
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From page 121... ...
120 Safety Issues to LOOK FOR: Roadside Features 1. Are clear zones free of hazards and non-traversable side slopes without safety barriers?
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