Assessing Highway Tolling and Pricing Options and Impacts: Volume 2: Travel Demand Forecasting Tools (2012) / Chapter Skim
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1 NCHRP Report 722: Assessing Highway Tolling and Pricing Options and Impacts, Volume 1 and Volume 2, together, constitute the body of the final report. Each volume, however, is a self-contained document that can be independently reviewed and understood by the reader.
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2day, other destination, etc.)
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3 • In a few cases utility functions in multinomial or nested logit mode choice models are miss-specified. Undesirable specifications include toll utilities that are a function of the toll alternative travel time and travel time savings with respect to the free alternative.
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4mode, occupancy, and binary route type choices were combined in one multi-level nested logit choice model structure where occupancy and route type choice served as lower-level sub-choices. These improvements can be implemented and are equally relevant for both 4-step models and ABMs.
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5 simulation procedures to ensure compatibility of implied VOTs. In addition to an explicit segmentation, random coefficient choice models represent a promising tool for capturing heterogeneity.
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6general improvement of the regional model and spur additional useful data collection, model validation, and testing. A wide range of cases was found in this research with respect to the t rigor of the methods and levels of sophistication applied for the modeling in each of the decision-making stages.
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7 ments would mostly include better model segmentation and differentiation of the model coefficients related to VOT. At least two additional improvements are generally needed: • Mode choice (and trip distribution if technically possible)
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8• Including a proper linkage between mode choice and destination choice (trip distribution) models through the logsum accessibility measure, essential to ensure logical sensitivities of the model when multiple pricing alternatives are compared.
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9 it is essential to recalibrate the model based on the most recently collected data, including traffic counts, special surveys (e.g., users of a particular toll facility) , and speed measurements in the relevant corridor.
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10 1.4 Organization of Volume 2 Volume 2 is organized in six subsequent major sections: • Chapter 2: State of the Practice in Forecasting Methods represents a survey of the existing practices. It provides an in-depth analysis of models applied for highway pricing studies, including both 4-step trip-based models and tourbased ABMs.
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