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From page 3... ... 3 Ports' complexities exacerbate the difficulty of taking adequate steps to deal with possible natural disasters. Ports are often sprawling enterprises, and each port is unique. Read the entire page →
From page 4... ... 4 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains Section 2.2 discusses the many different causes and characteristics of past port disruptions, how these events relate to the way U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 5... ... Literature Review 5 Ports Are Multiple Stakeholder Operations An ICF International assessment of climate change impacts on transportation and infrastructure in the Central Gulf Coast region noted that ports present unique institutional as well as physical challenges, stating "the mix of privately owned/operated facilities, publicly owned/ operated facilities, and publicly owned-privately operated facilities creates a unique mix when compared with other transportation infrastructure" (2011, p. Read the entire page →
From page 6... ... 6 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains Stakeholder Organizaons Principal Roles (Freight) Read the entire page →
From page 7... ... Literature Review 7 to receive federal preparedness assistance. NIMS (DHS, 2008; see also http://www.fema.gov/ about-national-incident-management-system) Read the entire page →
From page 8... ... 8 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains • Logistics -- providing services and support to the incident, • Finance and Administration -- tracking incident costs and accounts for reimbursements, and • Intelligence -- providing analysis and sharing of information during the incident. Read the entire page →
From page 9... ... Literature Review 9 The National Strategy for Global Supply Chain Security (Washington, D.C., Jan. 23, 2012, http:// www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/01/25/fact-sheet-national-strategy-global-supply chain-security) Read the entire page →
From page 10... ... 10 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains The past three decades have seen U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 11... ... Literature Review 11 of a number of Gulf Coast ports in 2005 (Grenzeback and Lukmann, 2009) , and/or involves a significant port cargo hub as in Superstorm Sandy (ASW Inc., 2013) Read the entire page →
From page 12... ... 12 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains on well-established and well-exercised prior event planning and training. Read the entire page →
From page 13... ... Literature Review 13 and visitors draw on resources and set priorities that need to be recognized in pre-event planning activities as well as in the immediate response and recovery phases following an incident. For example, based on the severity of the impending storm, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey ordered all of the maritime terminals closed to all but essential personnel the night before Sandy hit the coast, and ordered all remaining personnel and security off port facilities by the evening of the day of the storm, prior to the first anticipated storm surge. Read the entire page →
From page 14... ... 14 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains Loss of on-dock storage space was noted as a potentially expensive bottleneck. Read the entire page →
From page 15... ... Literature Review 15 Hudgins (2006) reports the results of splitting members of the American Association of Port Authorities (AAPA) Read the entire page →
From page 16... ... 16 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains The topic of interagency coordination is one addressed repeatedly in post-9/11 literature, which recognizes that the complexity of modern port operations has become a major cause of difficulty in implementing effective port security and incident response protocols (Hecker, 2002; Harrald et al., 2004; DOJ, 2006; Robinson, 2006; Barnes and Oloruntoba, 2009; Lane, 2009; GAO, 2012b) Read the entire page →
From page 17... ... Literature Review 17 Need for Compatibility in Real-Time Communications Technologies Real-time communications are essential to rapid and effective response during a disruption. Coordination between responsible and responding parties is otherwise severely compromised. Read the entire page →
From page 18... ... 18 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains 2.4 Promising Practices and Possible Planning Frameworks Bringing the different aspects of the port resiliency and business continuity problem together represents a significant challenge for the individuals and agencies involved. Read the entire page →
From page 19... ... Literature Review 19 Table 2.4. Example high-level asset sensitivity to threat matrix. Read the entire page →
From page 20... ... 20 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains cyber breakdowns) Read the entire page →
From page 21... ... Literature Review 21 Communications among responders, port stakeholders, media, and the public has been identified as a consistent problem and one that must be addressed in any operational plan. "Just as important, a clear, accurate, and unified message must be presented to the public, media, and most importantly to the port stakeholders" (USCG 2009, p. Read the entire page →
From page 22... ... 22 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains to provide specialized equipment to handle certain types of emergencies (e.g., since the 9/11 attacks, FEMA has been directing grants to fund civilian Community Emergency Response Team programs in all 50 states to educate people about preparedness for disasters and train them in basic disaster response skills) Read the entire page →
From page 23... ... Literature Review 23 3. Prepare berthed vessels for departure; 4. Read the entire page →
From page 24... ... 24 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains analysis tools such as Decision Tree Analysis and Options Analysis to place a cost and value on these different response strategies. Read the entire page →
From page 25... ... Literature Review 25 • Train employees; and • Test continuity plans and procedures. These issues overlap with issues dealing with ensuring resiliency in energy, transportation, cyber security and information systems, and water and waste water, and supporting medical and healthcare systems. Read the entire page →
From page 26... ... 26 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains – Dry bulk – Liquid bulk (petroleum and non-petroleum) Read the entire page →
From page 27... ... Literature Review 27 Barnes, P and Oloruntoba, R Read the entire page →
From page 28... ... 28 Making U.S. Ports Resilient as Part of Extended Intermodal Supply Chains Hale, T Read the entire page →
From page 29... ... Literature Review 29 Ranous, R Read the entire page →

From page 3...

... 3 Ports' complexities exacerbate the difficulty of taking adequate steps to deal with possible natural disasters. Ports are often sprawling enterprises, and each port is unique.