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6 Synthesis and Integration
Pages 71-82

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From page 71...
... Examples of synthesis activities include cumulatively and comprehensively to provide region-wide insights and track effectiveness on • Aggregation and analysis of monitoring larger spatial and longer temporal scales." data from multiple localities to assess resource- Special consideration is given to the issue of specific restoration progress over larger spatial integrating and analyzing data across multiple scales and longer time periods; spatial and temporal scales, or "scaling."1 Some • Compilation, integration, and analysis of key methodological elements necessary to local biological survey data and environmental support effective synthesis using Gulf monitoring monitoring data to evaluate restoration effects on data are also discussed. The chapter concludes wide-ranging organisms such as fish, birds, and by considering possible organizational models to marine mammals; support synthesis for Gulf restoration.
From page 72...
... Examples of restoration data synthesis drawing Furthermore, because affected areas and from multiple monitoring projects and mobile species within U.S. jurisdiction are part of organizations across a region are rare, but a larger ecosystem, coordinating efforts to share framing synthesis in terms of ecosystem services restoration information internationally is may help provide restoration investment important.
From page 73...
... . These report ts for oyster reefs, invasive spe ecies, fire, climate are inteended to ex xplicitly link science to k o chan nge, and sea-l level rise (NRC, 2014)
From page 74...
... . annual report card has provided an overall While there are conspicuous monitoring gaps, assessment of Chesapeake Bay "health" based on notably for offshore species and environments, monitoring data for seven biological and water these monitoring programs provide an important quality indicators.11 Also, results obtained from foundation for a coordinated, Gulf-wide Louisiana's Coastwide Reference Monitoring environmental monitoring network (Love et al., System for wetlands are displayed in a report 2015)
From page 75...
... GIS is valuable at small scales, but can be especially useful for monitoring efforts when applied at large spatial and temporal scales. This readily available software allows practitioners to easily map changes in habitats, resources, and activities, and perform spatial analyses based on field surveys in conjunction with sonar, video, aerial imagery, real-time sensors, unmanned aerial platforms, and modeling efforts (Ferguson and Korfmacher, 1997; Chauvaud et al.
From page 76...
... . Typically, process models particulate organic matter [POM]
From page 77...
... , and models for major steps of biophysical, used to determine estuary-wide responses to the oceanographic, economic, social, and implementation of multiple restoration actions. management dynamics, has been created to Process modeling, in theory, enables more simulate Gulf conditions.
From page 78...
... Integrated monitoring Animals instead involves a number of practitioners each focused on monitoring different ecosystem Cross-scale synthesis of monitoring data is components in a compatible manner in an effort essential to assess and interpret restoration to assess overall restoration progress in a outcomes for marine mammals, sea turtles, birds, complementary manner. fish, and other wide-ranging organisms whose There are several challenges that need to be population and community dynamics operate at overcome to enable the synthesis of monitoring Gulf-wide or larger scales subject to cumulative data and evaluation of restoration progress across effects of multiple activities, including non-target the different restoration programs.
From page 79...
... Meta-analysis is a Synthesis of Gulf restoration monitoring will formal statistical approach for pooling results be data-intensive and thus will require a from multiple, independent experiments or commitment to good data stewardship and studies to achieve greater generality and management practices, open access to wellsynthesis (Koricheva et al.
From page 80...
... Examples One organizational model for Gulf-wide include the National Center for Ecological synthesis activities would be to establish an Analysis and Synthesis in Santa Barbara, independent center, similar to the California, the Socio-Environmental Synthesis aforementioned synthesis centers, whose mission Center in Annapolis, Maryland, the National is to advance Gulf restoration science, Institute for Mathematical and Biological management, and policy solutions by analysis of Synthesis in Knoxville, Tennessee, and the John available data. If such a center emulated existing Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis models, if would not need to retain a large in Fort Collins, Colorado.
From page 81...
... programs that have been established with DWH Because meta-analysis of projects and funding (see Chapter 2) are currently and need to synthesis of monitoring data is required for continue to contribute to the goal of data analysis evaluating restoration progress beyond and synthesis, for example by developing individual projects and Gulf-wide restoration conceptual models, evaluating appropriate outcomes, Gulf restoration programs should indicators of restoration progress, funding data consider creating a specific, dedicated synthesis grants, and publishing report cards.
From page 82...
... 82 Effective Monitoring to Evaluate Ecological Restoration in the Gulf of Mexico tight collaboration with management activities and agency and organization staff, and also be done in coordination with the development of all databases related to restoration.


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