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6 Ocean Sustainability
Pages 43-47

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From page 43...
... These factors further impact ocean circulation and productivity, and reduce the ocean's capacity for greenhouse gas uptake, with significant implications for climate regulation, sea level rise, and land ice decline. Fisheries and ecosystems are also severely degraded by anthropogenic activities.
From page 44...
... Few ocean time series, such as the Hawaiian Ocean Time-series, the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study, and the Carbon Retention in a Colored Ocean Time-series Program, span time periods as far back as 1950.4 Other ocean observation efforts include the UN's Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) that coordinates the gathering of ocean and sea data on an international scale.
From page 45...
... Margaret Leinen, director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, further discussed the importance of oceans for sustainability, the direction the ocean sustainability discussion followed since publication of Our Common Journey, and additional needs for achieving ocean sustainability. Since the publication of Our Common Journey, research and sustainability work brought oceans "to the table." Terrestrial livelihoods previously dictated most of the discussion when notions of sustainability first appeared in global discourse, and while oceans play a large role in global processes, a large share of the sustainability community did not anticipate the rapid changes that oceans experienced in the last 20 years.
From page 46...
... 2015 "Characterizing the natural system: toward sustained, integrated coastal ocean acidification R03038 observing networks to facilitate resource management and decision support. Oceanography 28(2)
From page 47...
... Fishery and transportation systems will also impact the Arctic beyond the expected ice melt and shifting habitat from climate change. Deep sea mining has expanded without a formal monitoring organization and there have been minimal scientific studies on the impacts.


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