Advancing the Science to Improve Population Health Proceedings of a Workshop (2017) / Chapter Skim
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6 Toward a Research Agenda for Population Health
6 Toward a Research Agenda for Population Health
Pages 41-54
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From page 41... ...
Attendees divided into five groups to consider research questions and issues in one of three broad research areas: • Research on understanding population health problems or issues, their root causes, trends over time, differences within subpopulations, and related issues 1 This section is based on the reports by Christine Bachrach, research professor, University of Maryland; Alina Baciu, senior program officer, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Michelle Frisco, associate director, Population Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University; Amy Geller, senior program officer, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Mary Lou Goeke, executive director, United Way of Santa Cruz County, California; Marthe Gold, visiting scholar, The New York Academy of Medicine; Paula Lantz, professor and associate dean for academic affairs, Gerald R Ford School of Public Policy, University of Michigan; Michelle Larkin, assistant vice president, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; Sarah Linde, chief public health officer, Health Resources and Services Administration; Phyllis Meadows, associate dean for practice, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, senior fellow, Health Program, The Kresge Foundation; Lisa Simpson, president and CEO, AcademyHealth; and Steven Smith, clinical assistant professor, Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida.
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From page 42... ...
, and does not reflect any consensus among work shop participants, and the statements have not been endorsed or verified by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. • Research on designing, implementing and evaluating the effect of different types of policies, services or other interventions that aim to improve population or community health and/or reduce socioeconomic and health inequities • Research to improve the dissemination of data, research results, and evidence to wide audiences, and to improve the translation of evidence into policy and practice in ways that have a positive effect on communities and populations Each group was tasked with listing three top research priorities to help focus their discussion, and they were asked to answer the following questions for each topic: • Who are the primary audiences for the results or answers from this research?
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From page 43... ...
UNDERSTANDING POPULATION HEALTH PROBLEMS AND ISSUES Facilitator Marthe Gold of The New York Academy of Medicine and the City College of New York reported that her group considered the methods and infrastructure needed for research on understanding population health problems or issues. Various group participants mentioned several principles to inform researchers, including • the need for equity subgroup analyses in all studies; • the importance of capturing cost information; • the need for integrated data systems that connect electronic health records, public health data, and data on social determinants of health; and • the challenges of funding and studying multifactorial interventions.
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From page 44... ...
UNDERSTANDING THE ROOT CAUSES OF POPULATION HEALTH ISSUES Two breakout groups considered the priorities for research on understanding the root causes of population health problems. Facilitator Michelle Larkin of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation summarized the discussions by her group on research to identify the root causes of population health problems.
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From page 45... ...
The primary audiences for these research questions were identified as state and local policy makers, mayors, the National Conference of State Legislatures, local chambers of commerce and business leaders, owners and investors in business, workforce investment boards, the public, and anchor institutions in the community in their role as employers. Participants discussed that this research would best be conducted by multidisciplinary teams, and the need to engage business schools and public health schools was noted.
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From page 46... ...
The audiences identified for these research issues were developers, zoning boards, community development, financial institutions, bankers, and anchor institutions. Facilitator Phyllis Meadows of The Kresge Foundation and the University of Michigan reported that her group's discussion of priority research needs also focused on the area of root causes of population health problems.
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From page 47... ...
Group participants discussed the need to take into account the vested interest of those doing the research, and the potential for bias. In addition to funding, a key resource needed to move an agenda on the root causes of health is time, and Meadows relayed that the time needed for this kind of research is significant, especially when engaging community.
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From page 48... ...
IMPROVING THE DISSEMINATION AND TRANSLATION OF POPULATION HEALTH RESEARCH Facilitator Steven Smith of the University of Florida shared the three research priorities identified by his group in the area of improving dissemination of research results and translation into policy and practice. Framing the Message What is the best way to frame research communication?
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From page 49... ...
, to increase their involvement in dissemination and implementation research? The primary audiences for this research are academia and research funders, as well as journals, Smith said.
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. He asked whether enough attention is being given to the complex aspects of population health when considering root causes and identifying policy approaches to improve health across the country.
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From page 51... ...
He raised a concern that public health practitioners are "tinkering with the system" instead of addressing the root causes, and that root causes include a lack of commitment to the principles of public health and the principles of equality. He noted the importance of community engagement in driving the process of addressing root causes of population health problems.
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From page 52... ...
Isham raised the issue of shared value and said that a research agenda for population health needs to include implementation research on how to achieve shared value, including effective communication. He referred participants to the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement workshop summary Supporting a Movement for Health and Health Equity (IOM, 2014)
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From page 53... ...
She referred to the comments by Ron Pollack of Families USA about the potential negative effects of increasing copays and other consumer-level costs on an individual's ability to access care, and the question raised by Jenelle Krishnamoorthy of Merck & Co., Inc., about the cost effect of successful population health initiatives on entitlement programs (e.g., individuals living longer has increased costs for Medicare)
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From page 54... ...
and to the results of the survey on priorities conducted by the planning committee (see Chapter 4 and Appendix D) as resources for researchers and organizations to identify priorities for population health research and to inform the path forward.
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