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Summary
Pages 1-7

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From page 1...
... President John F Kennedy speech at Rice University September 12, 1962 The national security of the United States is inextricably linked to space and our unimpeded access to the capabilities resident in or traveling through that domain.
From page 2...
... These efforts must succeed. National security and global stability in space and on Earth demand it.
From page 3...
... National security functions provided by space systems range from the essential to the convenient, but the majority trend toward the former. The loss, or threat of loss, of secure communications; precise positioning, navigation and timing; and timely intelligence and surveillance of nearly every type, including missile warning, would dramatically and deleteriously affect the ability of the United States to conduct combat and other national security operations.
From page 4...
... have the means to deny anyone the ability to use space systems to support hostile actions against the United States; (2) maintain the ability to use space assets for national security purposes in peacetime, crisis, and conflict; and (3)
From page 5...
... Policy issues include declaratory policies with regard to attacks on the national security space architecture, including commercial space systems that provide national security functions, as well as appropriate responses to attacks on significant commercial systems. Addressing this problem requires a clear understanding of the threat and the diverging time lines associated both with threat evolution and timely deployment of solutions.
From page 6...
... There are a couple of important overlooked historical aspects of the evolution of national security space in the United States and globally that contribute to the current state of affairs and that are relevant to potential mitigating strategies: (1) Space from its earliest days was viewed as a sanctuary with little need for physical security.
From page 7...
... In addition, clarifying operational authorities for national security space assets during a potential conflict extending to space will be needed. Some defensive concepts, such as disaggregation or distribution, must be rigorously evaluated to identify required cost (and the cost penalty imposed on adversaries)


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