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Appendix C: Case Studies on Site-Specific Assessments
Pages 162-170

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From page 162...
... The biomonitoring data are geographi- exposures for toxicity testing could initially be defined by cally distributed but in some cases limited to single times. the composition and concentrations of components of soil Targeted analytical chemistry produced concentra- and water or other media that might be ingested and abtion data on about 50 toxicologically well-characterized sorbed in sufficient amounts to influence total exposure.
From page 163...
... anthracene 80 Naphthalene 138 Fluoranthene 168 Acenaphthene 185 Dibenzofuran 255 Pyrene High-production-volume industrial chemicals 30 Benzidine 54 Pentachlorophenol 84 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 98 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 101 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol 137 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene 142 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 172 Cresol, para 181 Phenol 195 Cresol, ortho 206 n-Nitrosodiphenylamine 260 2,6-Dinitrotoluene Plasticizers 58 Di-n-butyl phthalate 77 Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 266 Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
From page 164...
... In the experimentally driven pharmacokinetic data would ideally be used to establish approach, chemical-identity libraries similar to the HMD test concentrations or exposures for the appropriate in that include exact mass, elution times, isotopic signature, vivo or in vitro test systems that reflect the composition and mass fragmentation patterns (see Figure C-2) could be of real-world exposures at the site.
From page 165...
... . Chemicals that are found in enviIMS-MS chemical fragmentation patterns can be matched ronmental media and biological samples will constitute a to those in existing databases, such as the HMD, for im- logical choice for targeted toxicity testing because they proved chemical identification.
From page 166...
... . Those screening data indicate low persistence and bioaccumulation of MCHM in the environment; chemical This case study considers the environmental release concentrations in the river and in possible food sources of a chemical that has few toxicity data and approaches from the river would be expected to decrease relatively for characterizing toxicity rapidly to inform decision- quickly.
From page 167...
... Exposure estimates derived from ty. It is also possible to look for structurally similar chemi- measurements of drinking water could be compared with cals in large toxicology databases, such as those amalgam- the NOEL and other hazard data, and models could be ated under EPA's Aggregated Computational Toxicology used to provide initial indications of the time required for Resource program.
From page 168...
... or designed mixtures and to conduct the read-across to For the toxicity assessment of complex mixtures ob- predict potential human health hazards posed by the realserved in environmental samples, tissues, and biofluids, world mixtures as described further below. such as in the first case study described in this appen- The database of bioactivity readouts from represendix, a biological read-across approach (Low et al.
From page 169...
... methanol isomers by of pesticide mixtures with potential human exposures is heated purge-and-trap gc/ms in water samples from the an example of computing oral equivalent doses for mix- 2014 Elk River, West Virginia, chemical spill. Chemotures by using the reverse-dosimetry approach (Abdo et sphere 131:217-224.
From page 170...
... 2016. Linking high biological pathway altering doses for high-throughput resolution mass spectrometry data with exposure and tox chemical risk assessment.


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