Optimizing the Process for Establishing the Dietary Guidelines for Americans The Selection Process (2017) / Chapter Skim
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2 The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Process
2 The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Process
Pages 23-36
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From page 23... ...
To address those concerns, a 1983 congressional report directed that a scientific advisory committee of external experts be convened to review the evidence and suggest updates to the 1980 report. Those recommended revisions informed the development of the second edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA; 1985)
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(IOM, 1994) -- set the stage for a public conversation about the role of diet in reducing risk of chronic disease, food components related to health benefits, and evaluation of risk from both nutritional deficiency and excess as contemporary public health concerns.
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authorizing language or congressional committee report language is discretionary, and its establishment or ter mination is within the legal discretion of an agency head." • ondiscretionary advisory committees are "either required by statute or by N presidential directive. A nondiscretionary advisory committee required by statute generally is identified specifically in a statute by name, purpose, or functions, and its establishment or termination is beyond the legal discre tion of an agency head." Regardless of establishment authority, all federal advisory committees must comply with the Federal Advisory Committee Act and the 2001 Final Rule on federal advisory committee management.
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From page 26... ...
The following sections describe the relevant FACA processes and HHS and USDA's interpretation of the law in the development of the 2015–2020 edition of the DGA. The process includes filing the charter and submitting the membership balance plan.
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Regular and special government employees are required to complete financial disclosures, which are used by the agency to assess the potential for a financial conflict of in terest. Special government employees may be granted a waiver if the appointing authority determines and certifies that the need for the individual's service on the advisory committee outweighs the potential for conflicts created by the financial interest.b Federal advisory committee members who are selected to represent a viewpoint of a specific group, in contrast, are known to have biases.
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As part of the process, USDA and HHS each appoint co-executive secretaries from their respective agencies to support the work of the advisory committee and ensure it stays within its charge. For the 2015 advisory committee, a total of four co-executive secretaries, two from USDA and two from HHS, were appointed.5 One of the officials from the lead agency serves as the designated federal officer to oversee management and support services and submit FACA reporting requirements.
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. Membership Balance Plan As part of its compliance with FACA, agencies must ensure the membership of a federal advisory committee is "fairly balanced in terms of the points of view represented and the functions to be performed by the advisory committee."7 Discretionary committee agencies are required to develop a membership balance plan that describes how the agency will 6The five subcommittees were (1)
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From page 30... ...
The membership balance plan for the 2015 DGAC describes a general candidate identification process, beginning with a notice in the Federal Register. Various offices within HHS and USDA review the nominees and identify qualified candidates, as well as those with the experience to potentially serve in leadership positions.9 For the 2015 advisory committee, a list of primaries and alternates was developed and primaries were submitted through the formal nomination request to the secretaries of HHS and USDA (USDA/HHS, 2016a)
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The charge emphasizes systematic reviews and analyses of evidence published since the last advisory committee's deliberations. The 2015 advisory committee was also directed to place its primary emphasis on topics of public health importance for Americans ages 2 years and older (HHS/USDA, 2015, part C)
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Steps involved with the selection process include soliciting candidates, reviewing nomination packages and creating a slate of potential members, approving the nomination request package, and finally, formal appointment (see Figure 2-1)
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The candidates that collectively (1) reflect the requirements in the charter and membership balance plan and (2)
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Members are finally required to undergo administrative training prior to their first meeting to review FACA, the charter and charge, and expectations of a special government employee. DIETARY GUIDELINES ADVISORY COMMITTEE OPERATING PROCESS Over their 30 year history, the DGACs have improved their processes for evaluating science.
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2011a. Federal advisory committee membership balance plan https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ ostp/b_flaak_balance_plan.pdf (accessed October 5, 2017)
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From page 36... ...
2015. Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee.
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