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Valuing Climate Damages Updating Estimation of the Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix F: Empirical Equation for Estimating Ocean Acidification
Pages 253-258

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From page 253...
... In both approaches, regression relationships are derived from outputs from a full ocean carbonate chemistry code run for typical ranges of ocean seawater temperatures, dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations, and chemical compositions. This allows applying the standard set of equations to both global and regional estimates of pH.
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From page 254...
... To derive the empirical relationships describing the dependence of pH on temperature and carbon concentration, the publicly available carbonate chemistry code CO2SYS.m is used (van Heuven et al., 2011)
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From page 255...
... Globally averaged pCO2 of the surface ocean can be estimated from globally averaged CO2 concentration in the atmosphere with approximately 1 year lag. 1An atmospheric CO concentration of 400 ppm (10–6 mol CO per mol air)
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From page 256...
... As can be seen, pH decreases with increasing dissolved inorganic carbon and with increases temperature. The committee derived empirical fits to the results shown in Figure F-2.
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From page 257...
... For alternative upper-ocean volumes, λ will require a recalibration to be consistent with the transcient climate response and equilibrium climate sensitivity estimates that implicitly include a heat capacity estimate as given in FAIR or the SC-IAMs. 2See http://www.whoi.edu/OCB-OA/page.do?
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From page 258...
... PICES Special Publication 3. Sidney, British Columbia: North Pacific Marine Science Organization.
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Key Terms

  • inorganic carbon
  • partial pressure
  • ocean carbon
  • hydrogen ion
  • surface ocean

  • ocean box
  • global ocean
  • dissolved inorganic
  • carbonate chemistry
  • carbon concentrations

  • approach estimates
  • istry code
  • gridded data
  • climate sensitivity
  • available carbonate

  • upper ocean
  • proton acceptors
  • total alkalinity
  • proton donors
  • van heuven

  • charge balance
  • estimates globally
  • solved inorganic
  • surface temperatures
  • dic ranging

  • overview carbonate
  • analyses below
  • chemical compositions
  • deep global
  • global changes


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