The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation (2017) / Chapter Skim
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9 Overall Conclusions
9 Overall Conclusions
Pages 433-448
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From page 433... ...
served as the basis for the following nine overall conclusions. The Promise of Assistive Products and Technologies The committee's review of the literature and the expert opinions of its members and others who provided input for this study made clear that appropriate-quality assistive products and technologies in all four categories examined may mitigate the impact of impairments sufficiently to allow people with disabilities to work.
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Selecting, designing, or modifying the correct device for an individual and providing training in its use, as well as ap propriate follow-up, are complex but necessary elements for maximizing function among users of assistive products and technologies. Access to and Coverage of Assistive Products and Technologies Financial access to appropriate assistive products and technologies as well as qualified providers varies significantly across reimbursement and funding sources in the United States.
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In some cases, there also exists a shortage or geographic imbalance of qualified providers and clinics with the knowledge, skill, and expertise to properly evaluate, fit, and train people in the use of assistive products and technologies. As discussed in Chapters 3 and 5, the distribution of providers and clinics with appropriate expertise to evaluate, prescribe, and train people in the use of WSMDs and hearing devices varies greatly throughout the United States.
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However, the distribution of knowledge about available assistive products and technologies varies greatly. Socioeconomic status, education level, and a variety of personal factors -- including ethnic, cultural, and language barriers -- may affect access to assistive products and technologies and related services even when they are covered.
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In addition, a few private health insurers provide integrated health care plans through which covered individuals receive clinical care, prescription drugs, and assistive products and technologies. Based on its review of selected monetary disability benefit programs and funding sources for assistive products and technologies, the committee drew the following conclusion: 7.
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Data on the Use and Effectiveness of Assistive Products and Technologies The committee found that data on the prevalence of use of the assistive products and technologies discussed in this report and the extent to which they mitigate the impacts of impairments are fragmented and limited. At this time, it is difficult to quantify the impact of assistive products and technologies and related services on impairment mitigation and employability because of contextual/environmental, societal, and personal factors that affect device use and job function; the lack of data on occupational success; and unequal access to relevant products and technologies and training.
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OVERALL CONCLUSIONS 439 only enhance knowledge in these areas but also inform the development of rational resource utilization, including inform ing cost-benefit analyses and coverage for devices and related services. SUPPORTING EVIDENCE FOR THE COMMITTEE'S OVERALL CONCLUSIONS Box 9-1 shows the links between the overall conclusions presented above and the most relevant chapter-specific findings and conclusions that support them.2 2 The committee's chapter-specific findings and conclusions are numbered according to the chapter in which they appear.
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5-7. Compared with the prevalence of hearing loss, the prevalence of hear ing aid use is low in the United States.
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3. Access to appropriate assistive products and technologies and to qualified providers and teams with the knowledge, skill, and expertise necessary to properly evaluate, fit, train, and monitor people in the use of those products and technologies is frequently limited and varies considerably from case to case, state to state, district to district, urban to rural and frontier areas, and funding source to funding source.
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7-11. Health literacy, which may include knowledge about assistive products and technologies, varies greatly among adults in the United States, although individuals at lower socioeconomic levels generally demon strate lower average health literacy.
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5-7. Compared with the prevalence of hearing loss, the prevalence of hear ing aid use is low in the United States.
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7-11. Health literacy, which may include knowledge about assistive products and technologies, varies greatly among adults in the United States, although individuals at lower socioeconomic levels generally demon strate lower average health literacy.
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5-1. The distribution of providers and clinics with the knowledge, skill, and expertise to properly evaluate, prescribe, and train people in the use of hearing devices varies greatly throughout the United States.
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Such research may not only enhance knowledge in these areas but also inform the development of rational resource utilization, including informing cost-benefit analyses and coverage for devices and related services. Findings 3-14.
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data available on vocational reintegration following upper-extremity amputation come from the military health care system. The committee could find no other studies examining the impact of prosthetic devices and rehabilitation strategies on work participation in the United States.
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