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From page 104... ... 104 General Approach Supported Types of Mitigation There are four out-of-kind mitigation measures supported in the WBSMT: • Stream improvement techniques: restoration of stream bed and banks, improved floodplain connectivity, channel stabilization. • Upland stabilization: rehabilitation of disturbed areas that contribute to sedimentation of downstream watercourses. Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... Out-of-Kind Mitigation Assessment Approach 105 Figure A-1. Mitigation measure linkages and ranking processes. Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... 106 A Watershed Approach to Mitigating Stormwater Impacts Watershed Assessment – Ecosystem Services Mitigation The breakdown of land uses (LUs) within the HUC-12 watershed is automatically determined based on the percentages provided by the EnviroAtlas datasets listed in Chapter 6, Table 20, an example of which is provided in Figure A-2. Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... Out-of-Kind Mitigation Assessment Approach 107 ∑ ( ) =LUWeighted ESS LU ESS LU ESS (A-2) Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... 108 A Watershed Approach to Mitigating Stormwater Impacts Using the values provided in Figure A-4 and Figure A-5, the BU ESS for the biodiversity conservation ecosystem service as computed using Equation A-3 would be 15, as shown below. Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... Out-of-Kind Mitigation Assessment Approach 109 Watershed Processes Increases interception Increases infiltration Enhances evapotranspiration Enhances pollutant uptake and retention by upland vegetation Builds soil quality Reduces upland erosion Reduces overland flow Increases surface/subsurface storage Creates channel and floodplain storage Increases filtration Increases sedimentation Increases aeration Reduces in-stream erosion and sediment transport Increases shading Enhances pollutant uptake and retention by riparian vegetation Table A-3. List of watershed processes considered. Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... 110 A Watershed Approach to Mitigating Stormwater Impacts Watershed Assessment – Unmitigated Loads The second assessment made by the WBSMT is the watershed processes assessment based on unmitigated loads. This assessment considers the outstanding loads (volume, TSS, TN, and TP) Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... Out-of-Kind Mitigation Assessment Approach 111 each watershed process as shown in Equation A-6. A weighted score is then calculated using Equation A-7. Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... 112 A Watershed Approach to Mitigating Stormwater Impacts ∑ ( ) =Goals Weighted Process Goals Process Goals Process (A-9) Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... Out-of-Kind Mitigation Assessment Approach 113 Figure A-11. Relationship between watershed processes and out-of-kind mitigation options. Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... 114 A Watershed Approach to Mitigating Stormwater Impacts Figure A-12. Out-of-kind mitigation options priority scoring. Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... Out-of-Kind Mitigation Assessment Approach 115 are available EnviroAtlas datasets discussed in Table 20 found in Chapter 6. The percentages are based on the watershed characteristics defined in sheet 2-Watershed Characteristics. Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... 116 A Watershed Approach to Mitigating Stormwater Impacts Watershed Opportunities Characterization The opportunity score for the different out-of-kind mitigation measures is the weight given to that measure based on the relative occurrence of the surrogate land use in the project HUC-12 watershed. A final score is calculated for each mitigation option using Equation A-13. Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... Abbreviations and acronyms used without definitions in TRB publications: A4A Airlines for America AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAST Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (2015) FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers MAP-21 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (2012) Read the entire page →
From page 118... ... TRA N SPO RTATIO N RESEA RCH BO A RD 500 Fifth Street, N W W ashington, D C 20001 A D D RESS SERV ICE REQ U ESTED N O N -PR O FIT O R G . Read the entire page →

From page 104...

... 104 General Approach Supported Types of Mitigation There are four out-of-kind mitigation measures supported in the WBSMT: • Stream improvement techniques: restoration of stream bed and banks, improved floodplain connectivity, channel stabilization. • Upland stabilization: rehabilitation of disturbed areas that contribute to sedimentation of downstream watercourses.