A Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Program (2017) / Chapter Skim
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5 Findings and Recommendations
5 Findings and Recommendations
Pages 63-70
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From page 63... ...
Two examples of other entities that STAR grants benefit are regulated industries that can use new technologies to more effectively reduce pollution at lower costs and state governments that can use improved environmental monitoring and modeling methods to meet Clean Air Act mandates. The key findings and recommendations that the committee thinks will help STAR to remain an important research program are summarized below.
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From page 64... ...
. The committee found that STAR research is used by many organizations in developing decision documents, such as federal, state or local government documents, international guidelines, and documents of academic or nonprofit organizations, such as National Research Council reports and American Public Health Association guidelines.
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From page 65... ...
Studies supported by the centers have shown that increased exposure to air pollution leads to a decrease in life expectancy; examples include a followup of the Harvard Six Cities Study (Laden et al.
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From page 66... ...
Of former STAR fellows who reported to EPA on their career trajectories, 34% in postdoctoral positions, 21% in teaching positions, 16% in research positions, 12% in the federal government, 5% in consulting firms, 4% in state, local, or tribal governments, 4% in private industry, and 3% in nonprofits. The committee found evidence that STAR fellows had produced highquality science: it found in a Google Scholar search for STAR publications with more than 100 citations, that about one-fourth were at least partially supported by STAR fellowships (Chapter 3)
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From page 67... ...
The two other agencies that support predoctoral fellows will not fill the gap left by the discontinuation of the STAR program: National Science Foundation (NSF) training programs do not cover environmental health effects and are focused on basic science projects while NIH training programs are geared toward overall health sciences, not specifically the environment on human health.
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From page 68... ...
RESEARCH PRIORITIES The committee found that STAR supports work in almost every field identified that contributes to environmental knowledge and capacity. The most common fields identified were the atmospheric sciences, climate sciences, ecology, environmental economics, environmental engineering, human exposure and health effects, risk analysis, systems modeling and decision support, and innovative risk management (Chapter 4)
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From page 69... ...
CONCLUSIONS The STAR program was born out of the need for EPA to have access to environmental researchers in academic and nonprofit organizations through extramurally funded projects, centers, and fellowships. STAR has had numerous successes, such as in research on human health implications of air pollution, on environmental effects on children's health and well-being, on interactions between climate change and air quality, and on the human health implications of nanoparticles.
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From page 70... ...
2006. Reduction in fine particulate air pollution and mortality: Extended follow-up of the Harvard Six Cities study.
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