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A New Vision for Center-Based Engineering Research (2017) / Chapter Skim
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7 Center Models
Pages 55-62

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From page 55...
... Agency for International Development, for instance, has launched eight Grand Challenges for Development,3 one of which is stopping the spread of the Zika virus and outbreaks of other infectious diseases. The American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare has proposed 12 Grand Challenges for Social Work,4 including the 1  NationalScience Foundation, "Implementation of the 2nd NSB Cost Sharing Report: NSF Revised Cost Sharing Policy Statement," https:// www.nsf.gov/bfa/dias/policy/csdocs/principles.pdf, accessed November 9, 2016.
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From page 56...
... . BOX 7.1 A CERC Addressing the NAE Grand Challenge to Advance Personalized Learning Achieving this goal -- instruction that can be tailored to a student's individual needs -- will require r ­ esearch and innovation by multidisciplinary teams comprising computer scientists; electrical, biomedical, biochemical, and neuro-engineers; education researchers and teachers; neuroscientists and psychologists; social scientists; ethicists; and others.
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From page 57...
... In the Defense Authorization Act of fiscal year 2000,8 Congress authorized the following: "The Secretary of Defense, acting through the Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [DARPA] , may carry out a program to award cash prizes in recognition of outstanding achievements in basic, advanced, and applied research, technology development, and prototype development that have the potential for application to the performance of the military missions of the Department of Defense." In 2003, DARPA management determined that the prize authority granted by Congress should be used to accelerate the development of autonomous ground vehicles that could one day be used to transport cargo and other military supplies into combat zones without endangering the lives of human drivers.
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From page 58...
... An NAE report on how NSF and other federal agencies might implement such an approach is Concerning Federally Sponsored Inducement Prizes in Engineering and Science.13 These prizes often inspire and attract a new generation of technology innovators to the field of engineering to solve technical problems with the hope of being the first team to achieve the competition milestones and claim a cash prize. One well-known example is Elon Musk's Hyperloop Pod Design Competition (Box 7.2)
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From page 59...
... Thus, the Hyperloop Pod Design Competition illustrates that when prizes are properly posed they have several positive effects, among them the following: Inspiring imagination, invention, innovation, investment, and impact; •  Leveraging external financial investment that is typically 5 to 10 times the value of the prize; •  Bringing diverse groups of people together to solve a single problem; •  Accelerating advances in key enabling technology over a shorter period of time; and •  Potentially setting off entirely new industries that result in improved security, job creation, and •  economic development. to guarantee quality of the "product" through an independent review process that focuses on value added or impact of the city or state investment.
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From page 60...
... On the other hand, in some states, barriers to funding these efforts include a poor understanding on the part of state legislatures of the multiplier effect of federally funded intellectual property development, as well as a lack of long-term commitment and stability on innovation policy. As one example, the NGA report suggests a state will be advantaged by establishing an independent entity such as the Georgia Research Alliance (GRA)
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From page 61...
... A recent GRA brochure reveals the multiplier effect of GRA's impact on Georgia's economy.1 1Georgia Research Alliance, "Breakthroughs in Georgia," brochure, undated, http://gra.org/uploads/documents/2 015/10/2015101414580948/GRABrochure_Final.pdf. NSF's review would ensure that the appropriate talent is available and the problem being addressed is significant.
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Key Terms

  • grand challenges
  • cost sharing
  • nae grand
  • research alliance
  • nga report

  • pod design
  • inducement prizes
  • design competition
  • georgia research
  • hyperloop pod

  • personalized learning
  • national governors
  • regional economic
  • georgia tech
  • mandatory cost

  • funding models
  • partnership model
  • governors association
  • sea level
  • darpa grand

  • convergent engineering
  • innovation inducement
  • eminent scholars
  • sponsored inducement
  • social welfare

  • smart cities
  • social work
  • sector partners
  • scholars program
  • level rise


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