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7 Conclusions
Pages 134-142

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From page 134...
... OVERARCHING INSIGHTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Overarching Recommendation 2: Operators of the electric The first strategy that should be pursued to enhance the ity system, including regional transmission organizations, resilience of the system is to make sure that things already in investor-owned utilities, cooperatives, and municipals, place will work when they are needed. One of the best ways should work individually and collectively to more rapidly to do that is to conduct drills with other critical infrastructure implement resilience-enhancing technical capabilities and operators through large-scale, multisector exercises.
From page 135...
... This effort should complement Congress and the Department of Energy leadership should instead of replace ongoing initiatives related to spare sustain and expand the substantive areas of research, devel- transformers. opment, and demonstration that are now being undertaken • State and federal regulatory commissions and reby the Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery gional transmission organizations should then evaluate and Energy Reliability and Office of Energy Efficiency and whether grids under their supervision need additional Renewable Energy, with respect to grid modernization and pre-positioned replacements for critical assets that systems integration, with the explicit intention of improving can help accelerate orderly restoration of grid service the resilience of the U.S.
From page 136...
... bulk electricity Overarching Recommendation 6: The Department of system. By focusing on the crosscutting impacts of hazards Energy and the Department of Homeland Security should on interdependent critical infrastructures, one objective of jointly establish and support a "visioning" process with the these groups would be to complement and enhance existing objective of systematically imagining and assessing plausi- efforts across relevant organizations.
From page 137...
... ience and review and operationalize metrics for resilience by doing the following: Overarching Recommendation 7C: Each state public util- • Developing comprehensive studies to assess the value ity commission and state energy office, working with the to customers of improved reliability and resilience National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, (e.g., periodic rotating service) during large-area, longthe National Association of State Energy Officials, and state duration blackouts as a function of key circumstances and regional grid operators and emergency preparedness (e.g., duration, climatic conditions, societal function)
From page 138...
... and the Department of Energy • Engaging the manufacturers of plug-in hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles to study how such vehicles might There are thousands of operating utilities and electricity be used as distributed sources of emergency power. system asset owners across the United States, with diverse (Recommendation 5.12)
From page 139...
... state, and local law enforcement to develop formal • Explore the feasibility of establishing contractual and arrangements (such as designating selected utility billing agreements with private owners of DERs and personnel as "first responders") that credential se developing the ability to operate intact islanded feed- lected utility personnel to allow prompt utility access ers as islanded microgrids powered by utility- and to damaged facilities across jurisdictional boundaries.
From page 140...
... Recommendation Directed to the Federal Energy Regulatory • Utility regulators should work closely with operat Commission and the North American Energy Standards ing utilities to assess their current interconnection Board standards as applicable to DERs, consider the costs of requiring new installations to use enhanced inverters, The growing interdependence of natural gas and electric and determine the appropriate policy for promoting ity infrastructures requires systematic study and targeted islanding and other related capabilities. (Recommen- efforts to improve coordination and planning across the two dation 5.7)
From page 141...
... CONCLUSIONS 141 REFERENCES Kingdon, J.W.


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