Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System (2017) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction and Motivation
1 Introduction and Motivation
Pages 8-16
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From page 8... ...
These interconnected grids evolves to accommodate increasing numbers of distributed have achieved significant gains in efficiency with increasing energy resources, which are often customer-owned, attached scale, as well as improved reliability owing to redundant to local distribution systems, and have more "smart" techpaths over which electricity can flow. Today, power plants nology -- the ability to sense and interact with conditions on using fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable resources the grid and with customers' usage patterns and preferences.
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From page 9... ...
Increasingly, the system's planners and operators will continue to depend on the functioning of the large-scale, are focusing on resilience as well. interconnected, tightly organized, and hierarchically struc- The North American Electric Reliability Corporation tured electric grid for resilient electric service.
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From page 10... ...
Across the United Probability per event of an outage greater than L Hurricane Sandy 1988 ice storm 1989 solar storm 2003 blackout L, Load loss [MW] FIGURE 1.1 The relative frequency of outages in the U.S.
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In other parts of the country, individual mitigating them, and in the capabilities available to utilities utilities dispatch and balance power supplies on their own in and other grid operators in restoring their systems after an response to changing demand. In some states, there are multioutage event.
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From page 12... ...
As discussed in more detail in Chapter 2, there is much more An all-hazards approach to resilience planning is essenvariability among states in terms of reliability standards, with tial, but, with the exception of a few general strategies, individual states setting their own reliability requirements there is no "one-size-fits-all" solution to planning for and through public utility commissions (and boards for publicly recovering from major outages. The notion of resilience has or customer-owned distribution utilities)
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From page 13... ...
New England/Eastern Canada Ice Storm (1998) Between January 4 and January 10, 1998, a series of storms generated along a stationary weather front brought warm Gulf of Mexico precipitation events across a stationary cold air mass (National Weather Service, 1998)
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In December 2015, a synchronized multi-target cyber attack was executed on three electric grid control centers in eastern Ukraine (DHS, 2016; Volz, 2016)
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From page 15... ...
In Chapter 7, the committee returns to the broader more widely. National organizations such as the National issues of who is in charge, how electricity system operators, Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, the Edison regulators, and society more broadly should choose what is Electric Institute, the National Rural Electric Cooperative worth doing, and how to pay for it.
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From page 16... ...
2013. Economic Benefits of In- Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015." https://factfinder.census.gov/ creasing Electric Grid Resilience to Weather Outages.
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