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From page 55... ... 55 This chapter focuses on the architectural design aspects of an airport and how these aspects should be addressed during the different phases of design to better ensure that the acoustical environment in which a PA system functions is conducive to intelligibility. (Key acoustical concepts touched on here were discussed in more detail in Chapter 4.) Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... 56 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems 6.1.1 Design Phases Typical architectural design follows a general progression from conceptual development to detailed construction drawings and specifications. Most building projects are divided into design phases as illustrated in Figure 6-2. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... architectural Design 57 – Nonconventional spaces: For spaces that are large and/or have high ceilings, consider 3D acoustical modeling to more accurately evaluate the spatial acoustics and to determine optimal design tradeoffs between acoustical treatments of room surfaces and loudspeaker types and distribution. • Construction documents: – Incorporate product details into drawings, specifications, and other procurement documents, including performance-based requirements and specifications. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... 58 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems 6.2 Room Volume and Shape A room with a high ceiling (greater than 24 feet) is a challenging space to design for adequate speech intelligibility. Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... architectural Design 59 A general design principle for good room acoustics is to provide a diffuse sound field. Concave ceilings focus sound at specific points, rather than scattering sound more uniformly. Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... 60 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems intelligibility of PA systems. The amount of coverage required is dependent on the total volume and the type of acoustical treatment. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... architectural Design 61 intelligibility of PA systems. To reduce the strong echo, it may be adequate to treat (either the floor or the ceiling) Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... 62 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems other spaces due to acoustical, environmental or use characteristics, such as reverberation time and ambient sound pressure level." ADS is a subjective concept, in part based on understanding the physical factors at play; there are no hard and fast rules in defining an actual ADS. Figure 6-5 illustrates how an ADS might be determined. Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... architectural Design 63 A series of spaces, such as gate hold rooms, could be considered one ADS because they share the same ceiling height and width, furnishings, and other acoustical characteristics (exceptions may be gate areas that have different environmental conditions -- for example, one or more areas are closer to a restaurant or bar or near noisy HVAC equipment) Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... 64 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems 6.6.1 Mechanical Equipment Background noise caused by mechanical equipment is generally the easiest type of noise to control. The most common examples of noise-generating mechanical equipment in terminals are the HVAC system (the base building system and tenant improvements) Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... architectural Design 65 they must speak more loudly or yell to be heard. Three basic options to mitigate these issues are (1) Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... 66 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems 6.6.5 Background Music Most airports avoid playing background music; however, some airports play music in certain areas and/or under certain circumstances. Typically, background music is linked to the PA system, so that the music is paused or muted during PA system announcements. Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... architectural Design 67 the tarmac when the exit doors are open during passenger embarkation and debarkation) Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... 68 Improving Intelligibility of airport terminal public address Systems To support a successful PA system design, it is essential to reduce reflection conditions in the curbside area; in semi-enclosed conditions, it may be necessary to consider reverberation. This typically entails the use of cementitious or other exterior-grade acoustically absorptive treatment to the exterior finish and possibly to the underside of roadway decks or similar hard surfaces above the curbside area. Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... architectural Design 69 background noise for several representative locations (i.e., ADSs) within an enclosed terminal space, thus optimizing loudspeaker type, configuration, and placement. Read the entire page →

From page 55...

... 55 This chapter focuses on the architectural design aspects of an airport and how these aspects should be addressed during the different phases of design to better ensure that the acoustical environment in which a PA system functions is conducive to intelligibility. (Key acoustical concepts touched on here were discussed in more detail in Chapter 4.)