Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

6 Strengthening Partnerships and International Cooperation
Pages 89-106

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 89...
... program at Johnson & Johnson Global Public Health described experiences in developing and deploying bedaquiline, a novel anti-TB drug, to illustrate the importance of partnerships in driving global action. Angela Siemens, vice president of food safety, quality, and regulatory at Cargill Protein Group, provided a food industry perspective on improving the safety of the global food supply chain.
From page 90...
... . By the time the global resolution to combat antimicrobial resistance was endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2014, she explained, not much progress had been made in Kenya at the national government level to implement the strategies recommended by the situation analysis because of a new constitution in 2010, which mandated a transition from a centralized system of governance to a devolved system of governance.
From page 91...
... An active multisectoral national advisory committee continues to lead the process in accordance with the One Health approach. A new integrated national surveillance strategy was developed concurrently with the national action plan, she said, which is being implemented in four pilot sites in the country.
From page 92...
... developed bedaquiline with a novel mechanism of action called an adenosine triphosphate synthase inhibitor, which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
From page 93...
... , PATH, the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, the Global Drug Facility (GDF) , the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the TB Alliance, Pharmstandard, and the Stop TB Partnership.
From page 94...
... "Turning off the tap" by treating TB infection in people before they progress to active disease is a critical aim, he argued. Although Johnson & Johnson has new tools under development with bedaquiline as a foundation in terms of shorter regimens, new platforms, and novel targets, 3  During the discussion, Newman clarified that the name donation program is somewhat of a misnomer; the term accelerated access program is more apt, because its aim is to remove the issue of price to improve drug availability, but it also incorporates country-level policy changes, capacity building, and collecting safety data to further inform international-level policy.
From page 95...
... For example, he suggested that it could aid in creating a blueprint for addressing antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. See Box 6-1 for other ways that Newman suggested the bedaquiline experience might inform the development of new tools and improve the ecosystem of antimicrobial resistance.
From page 96...
... Integrating Food Safety, Animal Health, and Plant Health to Improve the Integrity of the Food Supply Chain Siemens provided a perspective from Cargill on the value of partnerships and international cooperation in the food industry. Cargill is among the largest private companies in the world, operating in 70 countries across multiple sectors in the global food supply chain.
From page 97...
... Established in 2000, GFSI addresses critical issues affecting supply chains and enhances food safety by facilitating the sharing of expertise and best practices among food professionals, she said. It also benchmarks food safety management schemes to increase consumer confidence and reduce costs for both producers and consumers, she added.
From page 98...
... SSAFE is currently rolling out a global food safety training framework for dairy farming that can be used in cooperation with GFSI, Siemens reported. Competition and Precompetition in Animal Agriculture In the context of animal agriculture relative to antibiotics, Siemens said, it is important to consider the competitive versus precompetitive aspect.
From page 99...
... , and Pew has worked to make that goal actionable in partnership with CDC, she said, by convening a group of frontline implementers -- including primary care physicians, emergency care doctors, and other participants in the outpatient arena -- to explore methodologies for applying existing information. Reducing the Need for Antibiotics in Animal Stewardship The issue of antibiotics in animal agriculture is complicated, Talkington said, with a wide variety of players coming to the table with different challenges and goals in mind.
From page 100...
... Sharing Information and Methods Relative to WHO's global action plan, Rex explained, the first level of partnership -- sharing information and methods -- involves awareness and understanding of DRI. This includes improving awareness of DRI, reducing the incidence of infection, developing an economic case, and optimizing use of antibiotics, he said.
From page 101...
... Partnerships in the realm of sharing scientific knowledge are CARB-X, a public–private partnership that funds preclinical research, and the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) , a program that seeks to deliver data and products addressing specific gaps.
From page 102...
... , which is in effect setting joint global priorities about the drugs that are most needed (see Figure 6-2)
From page 103...
... Such incentives have not yet been implemented, he continued, and will require global coordination through shared target product profiles to assist drug developers, as well as some global allocation of financial obligation. DISCUSSION Suerie Moon, director of research at the Global Health Centre, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, noted that in aspects of the global politics of antimicrobial resistance, there are ten 7  Rex reported that the first 11 awardees cover three novel class candidate small molecules, four nontraditional products, seven new antibacterial targets, and one point-of-care diagnostic for nosocomial pneumonia.
From page 104...
... Wesangula noted that Kenya's current health reforms are creating new institutions within the government -- such as the independent Kenya Food and Drugs Authority -- that may help to navigate these complicated issues, as well as addressing problems with enforcing compliance to regulations governing human and animal health, including antibiotic use. Kumanan Rasanathan, chief of the Implementation Research and Delivery Science Unit at the United Nations Children's Fund, asked about the extent of political buy-in in Kenya across sectors at the ministerial level and, given the government's recent decentralization, the county level.
From page 105...
... In the context of CARB-X's strategy of early investment in preclinical research and development and interest in market entry rewards, Moon asked Rex about the possibility of putting provisions into those early-stage grants to ensure that any of those future drugs adhere to certain public health principles, such as sustainable use and equitable access. Rex replied this will be fundamental in affecting the needed change in the antibiotic development process, and CARB-X is building such provisions into its contracts, starting with principles and a subsequent road map espoused by the Davos Declaration, which is a collective action agreement among more than 100 entities in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and diagnostics industries to guide the development and stewardship of new antimicrobial products (see Chapter 3)
From page 106...
... King asked Siemens about the incentives that were used to create great interest in certification and about any suggestions applicable to a similar certification program for an animal health stewardship program. Siemens responded that in the food safety space, interest in certification was driven by competition and market access; a milestone occurred when seven major retailers signed on to require certification (a process that took place over several years)


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.