A Midterm Assessment of Implementation of the Decadal Survey on Life and Physical Sciences Research at NASA (2018) / Chapter Skim
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The statement of task asks for a typical midterm assessment of NASA's progress against the decadal survey recommendations, then goes on to request a focus on deep space exploration, thus framing much of the midterm assessment as a further ranking of those decadal survey recommendations that enable exploration, in particular, deep space exploration beyond low Earth orbit (LEO)
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Maximizing the science that will enable deep space exploration consistent with the evolving NASA exploration strategy and ISS lifetime, while balancing other ISS science demands, is a challenge. This challenge is, in turn, balanced by the growth of human suborbital space platforms, increased commercial interest in developing LEO, and expansion of relevant ground research capabilities.
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NASA has enhanced community science input related to the decadal survey by developing a strong interaction with the Committee on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space. Finding 2-2: NASA is supporting the science of the report Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration: Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era by modestly increasing the budget and tasks for space life and physical sciences within overall funding constraints and the operational diversification of microgravity science across research platforms.
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The nuances associated with the move of NASA to a deep space focus are presented in the 2014 NRC report Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration.8 NASA remains very cognizant of the need for space life and physical sciences research to enable deep space exploration and that at least some of that research requires long-term access to microgravity.
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presence in LEO that is characterized by leadership of international partnerships, continuing support for commercial space activities in LEO, and an ecosystem that fosters ongoing deep space exploration objectives beyond LEO while continuing research and development for fundamental science and technology. The overarching consideration is affordability and sustainability.
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NASA should consider negotiation with the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space regarding International Space Station research allocations to better address NASA's exploration priorities. ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN TO OPTIMIZE SCIENCE VALUE TO EXPLORATION, AND GUIDANCE FOR IMPLEMENTATION As NASA has developed its deep space exploration plans, there has been tremendous refocusing on the science needed to best enable that exploration.
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Recommendation 5-11: NASA should aggressively lead in the 46 research priorities for deep space exploration identified in Table 4.1 of this midterm report to provide as much "pull" as possible for exploration enhancement using space life and physical sciences. NASA should, for example, lead in the development of microgravity-adapted biological and physical systems, making maximum use of all available platforms, including the International Space Station, specifically for the science behind the design and implementation of microgravity-optimized operation.
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