High-Performance Bolting Technology for Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations (2018) / Chapter Skim
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4 Safety Culture and Human Systems Integration
4 Safety Culture and Human Systems Integration
Pages 76-89
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From page 76... ...
HSI, when done properly, can lead to an improved safety culture, but has the additional benefits of improving worker productivity and job satisfaction. This is critical because often organizations treat safety considerations as a cost of doing 1 ational N Research Council, Human-System Integration in the System Development Process: A New Look (R.W.
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From page 77... ...
Optimization of the work process itself to reduce the risk of unsuccessful outcomes is critical and often overlooked. Standard operating procedures regarding design, production, application, and serviceability of critical fasteners may not exist to the extent required to completely avoid fastener Failure to consider HSI issues early in system design can result in safety issues, poor system performance, and increased costs of re-design.
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From page 78... ...
, PennWell Books, Tulsa, Okla., 1996. 4 ASA, "The Case for Safety: The North Sea Piper Alpha Disaster," NASA Safety Center Case N Study, May 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4, https://sma.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/safety-messages/safe tymessage-2013-05-06-piperalpha.pdf?
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From page 79... ...
. Given the minimal attention paid to HSI in the larger oil and gas industry, it should come as little surprise that there has been no attention paid to this aspect of subsea fasteners.
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From page 80... ...
10 .C. Adamek, "A Historical View of Subsea Fastenering," presentation to the Workshop on F Bolting Reliability for Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations, April 10-11, 2017; see Figure 4.1a.
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From page 81... ...
SOURCE: F.C. Adamek, "A Historical View of Subsea Fastening," presentation to the Workshop on Bolting Reliability for Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations on April 11, 2017.
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From page 82... ...
docu mark mate- ture rates and -- Steps proper time • Cast the temperature at perform tests mentation rials times • Pour ingots strand at right heating rate according and records -- Param- • Track Heat/ • Perform (amount of proper rate to written eters ladle treat- • Cool steel to reduction • Maintain tempera- • Pack, pre PO numbers procedures ments as right tem- • Cool steel to in each ture for correct serve, and -- Resolve • Properly sort applicable perature right tem- pass, total amount of time • Interpret test ship prod ques- materials at right perature for results ucts and tions • Properly reduction) • Cool steel to right • Send right cooldown subsequent documenta and record all • Work to cor- temperature at • Correctly materials to rate processing tion conflicts Mfg.
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From page 83... ...
tions and material • Heat to dimension- • Ensure up threading to apply prepared documen conflicts documenta- correct al quality temperature equipment for PO • Properly tation and • Design prod- tion temperature • Track Heat/ monitors are • Check proper and that perform tests records uct manufac- • Properly at right Lot/PO working and dies or cut- all ques- according • Pack, turing plan sort materi- heating rate numbers calibrated ters are tions are to written preserve, • Define process als • Maintain • Ensure billets installed answered procedures and ship -- Steps • Dimensional temperature are fully • Machine other • Visually • Interpret test products -- Param- & chemical for correct heated be- dimensions inspect results and docu eters verification amount of fore placing to the part coating • Correctly mentation • Prepare Mfg. • Track heat/ time in forming drawing as • Track document all procedures lot/PO • Cool/quench machine.
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From page 84... ...
11 . Armagost, "Root Cause Failure Analysis in Support of Improved Systems Reliability," presen K tation to the Workshop on Bolting Reliability for Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations, April 10-11, 2017.
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From page 85... ...
/National Research Council (NRC) report Macondo Well Deepwater Horizon Blowout: Lessons for Improving Offshore Drilling Safety also notes that education and training of offshore drilling personnel needs to be expanded.14 It is important to note that training alone will not eliminate human error in the face of distractions such as time pressure.
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From page 86... ...
Fleece, BP, "Mitigating BOP Failures," presentation at the Workshop on Bolting Reliability for T Offshore Oil and Natural Gas Operations, April 11, 2017. 16 esearch Council on Structural Connections, Specification for Structural Joints Using High R Strength Bolts, Chicago, Ill., August 1, 2014.
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From page 87... ...
Fasteners, which are seen as off-the-shelf commodities, may be one of the design elements that went unnoticed except by the bolting specialists. It should be mentioned, however, that the oil and gas industry, through the API, has responded to recent fastener failures with an outstanding effort.
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From page 88... ...
Finding: Information sharing and reporting in the oil and gas industry regarding fastener failure incidents and near misses is evolving; this is an essential activity in promoting a safety culture across the industry. 19 NAE/NRC, Macondo Well Deepwater Horizon Blowout, 2012.
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From page 89... ...
This would include the following: • The creation of a dedicated organizational human systems stakeholder; • Attention to the individual worker and skill development through training, selection and work process sign; • Company and industry-wide sharing of best practices for collecting and disseminating information about fastener performance, failures, and near misses; and • Assessing gaps that could be mitigated by technology developments.
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