Nutrigenomics and the Future of Nutrition Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief (2018) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Nutrigenomics and the Future of Nutrition: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
Nutrigenomics and the Future of Nutrition: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
Pages 1-9
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 1... ...
SETTING THE STAGE In her opening presentation, Patsy Brannon of Cornell University explained how the first two steps of the risk assessment framework are central to current, population based dietary guidance. First, a health outcome is identified from a review of the literature and a synthesis of the evidence and, second, the dose–response relationship between a nutrient, or diet, and the health outcome is characterized.
|
From page 2... ...
Department of Agriculture, speakers discussed the interrelationships of diet, genomics, and health outcomes, with a focus on chronic disease endpoints. To begin, José Ordovás of Tufts University discussed both the genome and epigenome in relation to nutrition and disease risk.
|
From page 3... ...
In the meantime, Price and colleagues have completed a 9-month feasibility study, the Pioneer 100 Wellness Project, which involved 108 participants who underwent detailed laboratory tests at three different times and received personal wellness coaching for the duration of the study. Data were collected on hundreds of metabolites and markers and the investigators also provided participants with wellness coaching.
|
From page 4... ...
Continuing the focus on the potential for nutrigenomics in the real world, next, Claudia Morris of Emory University shared her research on arginine deficiency syndromes, mostly in relation to sickle cell disease and trauma. She described both as having distinct nutritional requirements that develop because of metabolic abnormalities that may benefit from arginine replacement therapy.
|
From page 5... ...
In contrast, individuals with the TT or TA genotypes showed no difference in loss of fat mass on a low protein versus a high protein diet. Bringing to mind Brannon's prediction in her opening presentation that the future likely will bring an integration of populationbased and individualized dietary guidance, as opposed to completely transitioning into individualized dietary guidance, El-Sohemy asked: How can this kind of personalized dietary advice (e.g., regarding FTO genotype)
|
From page 6... ...
Zeisel suggested that one could develop nutritional solutions, or medical foods, to bypass roadblocks known to be associated with a health outcome related to nutrition. As an example, Zeisel described how premenopausal women with a PEMT6 SNP require more dietary choline than premenopausal women (PEMT is involved in choline production through an estrogen response element)
|
From page 7... ...
The final speaker of this session, Sarah Roller of Kelly Drye & Warren, LLP, provided an overview of the current federal legal framework that governs genetic testing and health benefit claims for foods. Roller shared her thoughts on key regulatory issues that merit further consideration as nutrigenomics moves forward in a commercial context.
|
From page 8... ...
She defined and described the different categories of "food," but emphasized that, regardless of type, a food may also be a drug if a vendor makes a suggestive claim that has not been cleared by FDA as a "health claim." However, FDA has broad authority to interpret and enforce health benefit claim regulations without triggering drug status, Roller explained. Finally, in addition to CLIA and FDA standards and regulations, Roller discussed Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
|
From page 9... ...
Lauren Shern, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, served as the review coordinator. SPONSORS: This workshop was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health; the U.S.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.