Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 (2019) / Chapter Skim
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More than one-third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste.
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2. RESEARCH STRATEGY FOR 2030 2.1 Major Goals and Key Research Challenges Over the course of its study, the committee held discussions with members of the scientific community to identify the most challenging issues facing food and agriculture and the best research opportunities to address them. In the next decade, the major goals for food and agricultural research include (1)
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to correctly frame problems and their solution space is essential, as the food and agricultural system is as much a human system as a biophysical one. 2.3 Science Breakthroughs and Recommendations The committee identified five breakthrough opportunities that could dramatically increase the capabilities of food and agricultural science.
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Transdisciplinary problem-based collaborations will enable engagement of a new or diverse set of stakeholders and partners and benefit the food and agriculture sector. Leadership is key to making team science successful, as scientific directors need a unique set of skills that includes openness to different perspectives, the ability to conceptualize the big picture, and perhaps most importantly, a talent for uniting people around a common mission.
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The next generation of sensors may also revolutionize the ability to detect disease prior to the onset of symptoms in plants and animals, to identify human pathogens before they enter the food distribution chain, and to monitor and make decisions in near real time. Recommendation 2: Create initiatives to more effectively employ existing sensing technologies and to develop new sensing technologies across all areas of food and agriculture.
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The ability to more quickly collect, analyze, store, share, and integrate highly heterogeneous datasets will create opportunities to vastly improve our understanding of the complex problems and, ultimately, to the widespread use of near-real-time, data-driven management approaches. Recommendation 3: Establish initiatives to nurture the emerging area of agri-food informatics and to facilitate the adoption and development of information technology, data science, and artificial intelligence in food and agricultural research.
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These technologies are similarly applicable to food animals, and possible targets of genetic improvements include enhanced fertility, removal of allergens, improved feed conversion, disease resistance, and animal welfare.
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Transdisciplinary efforts focused on obtaining a better understanding of the various agriculturally relevant microbiomes and the complex interactions among them would create opportunities to modify and improve numerous aspects of the food and agricultural continuum. For example, understanding the microbiome in animals could help to more precisely tailor nutrient rations and increase feed efficiency.
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2. Accelerate genetic improvement in sustainability traits (such as fertility, improved feed efficiency, welfare, and disease resistance)
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3. Support improved decision making to maximize food integrity, quality, safety, and traceability, as well as reduce food loss and waste by capi talizing on new data analytics, data integration, and the development of advanced decision support tools.
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2. Develop a strategy for data science in food and agriculture research, and nurture the emerging area of agri-food informatics by adopting and influ encing new developments in data science and information technology in food and agricultural research.
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Mechanisms are also needed to facilitate building private–public partnerships and engaging the public in food and agricultural research. Conclusion 2: The Agricultural Experiment Station Network and the Cooperative Extension System deserve continued support because they are vital for basic and applied research and are needed to effectively translate research to achieve impactful results in the food and agricultural sectors.
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Vast opportunities are available for nontraditional agricultural professionals to be involved in food and agriculture. However, there may be barriers to their involvement, such as misperceptions about the sophistication of agricultural technology and the lack of sustained funding for building transdisciplinary agricultural research teams that include non-agricultural professionals and scientists from other disciplines to work in food and agricultural sciences.
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, and address issues of product acceptance and consumer trust in the food system. 4. CLOSING REMARKS At this pivotal time in history with an expanding global population requiring more from an increasingly fragile natural resource base, science breakthroughs are needed now more than ever for food and agriculture.
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SUMMARY 15 As the world's greatest agricultural producer, the United States bears the tremendous responsibility of implementing scientific advances to support our nation's well-being and security, and perhaps even global stability.
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