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From page 70... ... 73 A P P E N D I X B Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors ROUTE FACTOR No. 1 TVC Definitions and Sources Incident History and Escalation Threat Operator Assaults: For purposes of this report, overt physical and verbal acts by a passenger or fellow employee in a threatening manner and/or that interfere with the mission of a bus operator to complete his or her scheduled run safely and that adversely affect the safety of the operator and customers. Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... 74 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview Operators are at risk for conflict and assault. Bus Operators may be called upon to resolve difficult conflicts between other employees and passengers. Read the entire page →
From page 72... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 75 Of the 806,843 total aggravated assaults committed in 2009 that were analyzed: 701,454 (86.9%) occurred in metropolitan areas; 57,750 (7.2%) Read the entire page →
From page 73... ... 76 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview Sources: Nakanishi Y Read the entire page →
From page 74... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 77 Nakanishi, Y J., and Fleming, W Read the entire page →
From page 75... ... 78 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview Sources: Drucker, J Read the entire page →
From page 76... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 79 D Whose members engage in criminal activity or acts of juvenile delinquency that if committed by an adult would be crimes with the intent to enhance or preserve the association's power, reputation or economic resources. Read the entire page →
From page 77... ... 80 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview of all prostitution, but it has the most visible negative impact on the community. Sources: Scott, M., and Dedel, K Read the entire page →
From page 78... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 81 Operators may be confronted by known threats to the transit system, bus route, or the Operator individually. Systemwide After 9/11, the Department of Homeland Security created the Transit Security Grant Program to provide funding to owners and operators of transit systems (which include intra-city bus, commuter bus, ferries, and all forms of passenger rail) Read the entire page →
From page 79... ... 82 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview ROUTE FACTOR No. 13 TVC Definitions and Sources Vehicle Security Countermeasures Vulnerability Vehicle Security Countermeasures: For the purposes of this report, the principal strategy for bus vehicle security includes four categories: Deter: including access management, police (uniformed, under cover, K9) Read the entire page →
From page 80... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 83 ROUTE FACTOR No. 15 TVC Definitions and Sources Training and Skill Level of Operators and Crew/Development Vulnerability Training: One of the most powerful tools available to transit management in creating an environment for agency safety and security awareness and success is the delivery of safety and security-related training to all operations employees. Read the entire page →
From page 81... ... 84 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview if they have to waste the time, at least they know it's going to be 15 minutes. Otherwise they're sitting there thinking the bus will be along in about two minutes, and when it doesn't show, then they start getting frustrated." Delays in transportation; poor information following delays; the quality of environmental surroundings; and failure to meet passenger expectations, are likely to incite anger and frustration in the public, and increase the risk of aggression (Boyd, 2002; Chappell and Di Martino, 2006; Essenberg, 2003) Read the entire page →
From page 82... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 85 ROUTE FACTOR No. 18 TVC Definitions and Sources Incident Reporting and Management systems Vulnerability Incident Reporting: Employees are expected to report any and all accidents/ incidents to a designated employee/supervisor within their transit agencies. Read the entire page →
From page 83... ... 86 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview Agencies that practice a zero-tolerance approach instruct operators to enforce fare payment and codes of conduct strictly, in the belief that making exceptions can confuse and anger passengers. Agencies that instruct their operators to use their judgment on a case by-case basis believe that the operator is the best judge of the situation. Read the entire page →
From page 84... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 87 Response Considerations ROUTE FACTOR No. 21 TVC Definitions and Sources Security Personnel Countermeasures Vulnerability Security Personnel Of the many activities undertaken to provide security in the transit environment, one of the most important, and often the most costly, is the deployment of uniformed police and other security personnel. Read the entire page →
From page 85... ... ROUTE FACTOR No. 23 TVC Definitions and Sources Relationship with Local Law Enforcement Vulnerability Many of the security measures recommended by federal, state, and local systems have also been found to contribute to the efficiency of public transportation operations (vehicle locating systems, multimodal communications) Read the entire page →
From page 86... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 89 Weighting Methodology The rating scales for the Route Factors encompass both quantitative and qualitative approaches to identifying and analyzing the factors as identified. Using both data- and expertise-driven methods, and verified where appropriate with sources, it defines these factors as follows: • The likelihood of injury or loss, generally reflected as an adverse effect on health, property, or other things of value, measured as a function of threat and vulnerability. Read the entire page →
From page 87... ... 90 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview are also more common in the Southern region of the United States than elsewhere in the United States. If an Operator is on a route in the South, she/he will face increased probability of assault. Read the entire page →
From page 88... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 91 3. Are there known areas of prostitution, drug dealing, or violent entertainment along the route? Read the entire page →
From page 89... ... 92 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview 7. Temporal Effects on Assault Please respond to each question with a yes or no. Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 93 Please tally the number of "yes" answers, then use the table below to identify the route factor rating. Yes Scoring Score of 1 Score of 2 Score of 3 Score of 4 Score of 5 Narrative Rating Very Low/Unlikely Low Medium High Very High/Very Likely Numerical Rating 0.1 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.0 11. Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... 94 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview 9. Does the bus on the route have a global positioning system (GPS) Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 95 7. Do passengers complain about not knowing when the bus will arrive on this route? Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... 96 Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators: Research Overview 9. Has the safety department created corrective actions for any concerns along the route (e.g., threats, accidents, etc.) Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors 97 5. Are there plainclothes uniformed security/police personnel patrolling the bus stops on this route? Read the entire page →

From page 70...

... 73 A P P E N D I X B Transit Agency Operator Assault Route Factors ROUTE FACTOR No. 1 TVC Definitions and Sources Incident History and Escalation Threat Operator Assaults: For purposes of this report, overt physical and verbal acts by a passenger or fellow employee in a threatening manner and/or that interfere with the mission of a bus operator to complete his or her scheduled run safely and that adversely affect the safety of the operator and customers.