Open Science by Design Realizing a Vision for 21st Century Research (2018) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 15-22
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From page 15... ...
, "open communication and deliberation sit at the heart of scientific practice." The digital revolution of the past several decades has greatly expanded the scope and benefits of openness by making it possible for researchers to share and access scientific articles, the data underlying reported results, the methods used to generate and analyze data such as computer code, and other products of research. Openness increases transparency and reliability, facilitates more effective collaboration, accelerates the pace of discovery, and fosters broader and more equitable access to scientific knowledge and to the research process itself.
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. It also directs agencies to review options and needs for data repositories in areas of research they support and to require "all extramural researchers receiving Federal grants and contracts for scientific research and intramural researchers [to]
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undertake a study on identifying and addressing the challenges of broadening access to the results of scientific research. The committee was tasked with focusing on how to move toward open science as the default for scientific research results, with specific recommendations to be implemented (see Box 1-1 for the full statement of task)
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will conduct a study on the challenges of broadening access to the results of scientific research, described as "open science." Open science is defined, for the purposes of this study, as public access (i.e., no charge for access beyond the cost of an internet connection) to scholarly articles resulting from research projects, the data that support the results contained in those articles, computer code, algorithms, and other dig ital products of publicly funded scientific research, so that the products of this research are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR)
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During the symposium, the committee heard speakers from professional journals, the private sector, philanthropic organizations, federal agencies, academic libraries, the research community, and scientific societies, who spoke on challenges, drivers, and progress toward an open science enterprise. The committee reviewed a large body of written material on open science concerns, including literature that informed the committee on how specific solutions in policy, infrastructure, incentives, and requirements could facilitate open science.
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While the research enterprise makes steady progress toward open science, it must navigate a complex environment of socio-political, economic, and practical challenges. Individual universities must develop their own access policies, although by now there are many successful models to guide the way.
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The report concludes with the committee's own findings, recommendations, and implementation actions specifying agencies, universities, or other organizations to guide stakeholder efforts to fostering open science by design. The intended audiences for this report include researchers, universities, private and nonprofit organizations, information science communities such as publishers and journal editors, scientific societies, the philanthropic community, and federal agencies interested in improving access to the results of scientific research.
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From page 22... ...
22 Open Science by Design: Realizing a Vision for 21st Century Research stakeholders, not just federal scientific agencies, to move toward open science as the default for the research they support. The committee hopes that the report will help these audiences better understand the possible barriers and facilitators, desirable data policies, and infrastructure requirements that would be required to implement open science.
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