Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Appendix E Studies of Effectiveness of Permanent Supportive Housing
Pages 195-212

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 195...
... • For health care utilization, lower use of emergency departments and hos pitals and higher use of outpatient services and substance abuse treatment services were defined as better outcomes, unless otherwise specified. N/A denotes data not available.
From page 196...
... Enrolled: N=52 % Nights homeless after Intervention: n=26 Control: Usual care discharge: I Control: n=26 Follow-up: 94% at 12 months Sex: 65% male Age: mean 37 years Hulburt 1996 McKinney Persons experiencing homelessness Intervention 1: Comprehensive case Time to housing Homeless and persons at high risk of management + Section 8 housing consistency: = Research homelessness with severe and certificate Demonstration persistent mental illness Stable independent housing Project Intervention 2: Traditional case pattern: I1 & I2 Enrolled: N=362 management + Section 8 housing San Diego Intervention 1, 2, 3, and 4: n=90 or certificate 91 in each group Intervention 3: Comprehensive case Sex: 67% male management only Age: 18-29 years 25%, 30-39 years 42%, 40-49 years 24% Intervention 4: Traditional case Race/ethnicity: white 63%, black management only 20%, Hispanic 12% Homelessness: 64% homeless Follow-up: 83% at 2 years >1week in past 60 days. Total time homeless: <1 year 32%, 1-3 years 33%, 4+ years 34% Conditions: schizophrenia 55%, major depression 28%, bipolar disorder 16%.
From page 197...
... Sex: 70% male Follow-up: 86% at 18 months Age: mean 37 years Race/ethnicity: black 41% Homelessness: N/A Conditions: schizophrenia 45%, schizoaffective 17%, bipolar disorder 14%, major depression 13%, alcohol/drug abuse ~50% Rosenheck HUD-VA Veterans experiencing homelessness Intervention 1: Intensive case management Days housed in last 90 days: I1 Outpatient VA Medical Alcohol 2003; Supported Housing with major psychiatric disorder + voucher providing immediate access to mental health visits: problems: = problems: = Cheng 2007 (HUD-VASH) and/or substance abuse disorder who subsidized housing.
From page 198...
... psychiatric hospital 36%. Conditions: psychosis 54%, bipolar Follow-up: 90% at 24 months, N/A at 48 disorder 13%, major depression months 14%, history of alcohol or substance abuse disorder 90% McHugo 2004 Integrated Housing Adults with severe mental illness Intervention 1: Parallel Housing Services Proportion of days in stable Medical or dental Psychiatric symptoms: Days of alcohol Services Program who were homeless or at high risk of (PHS)
From page 199...
... Race/ethnicity: white 8%, black load) at 12 months: I 78%, Hispanic 8% Follow-up: 90% in intervention group and Hospitalizations: I Homelessness: median duration of 74% in control group at 18 months homelessness 30 months Hospital days: I Conditions: HIV-seropositive 36%, major depression 42%, alcohol Emergency intoxication in past 30 days 60%, department visits: I illicit drug use in past 30 days 59% Wolitski 2010; Housing and Health HIV-seropositive adults who were Intervention: Immediate Housing Housing status: I Any medical care: = CD4 count: = Sexual risk Kidder 2007 Study experiencing homelessness or at Opportunities for People with AIDS behaviors: = severe risk of homelessness, with (HOPWA)
From page 200...
... and week) Self-reported housing quality: I Winnipeg, Toronto, not receiving ACT or ICM services; Health status: = Community Montreal, and assessed to have high needs for Control: Usual care integration: = Mental health Moncton, Canada treatment based on factors including Follow-up: 88% in intervention group, symptoms: = psychiatric and substance use diagnoses, community functioning 77% in control group at 21-24 months Community score, and pattern of hospitalizations functioning: = or incarceration Enrolled: N=950 Intervention: n=469 Control: n=481 Sex: 68% male Age: mean 39 years Race/ethnicity: white 60%, Aboriginal 19%, other racial or ethnic minority 21% Homelessness: absolutely homeless 82%, >24 months lifetime homelessness 59%, longest period homeless >1 year 51% Conditions: major depressive episode 43%, PTSD 27%, psychotic disorder 52%, substance-related problems 73% Stergiopoulous At Home/Chez Adults with a current mental Intervention: Immediate supportive Percentage of days in stable Number Generic Quality Substance use 2015; Soi Study disorder, with or without a housing (mostly in private-market housing: I of days in hospital: = of life: = problems: = Kozloff 2016; (Moderate Needs concurrent substance use disorder, scattered-site units)
From page 201...
... in which the services from a single caseworker with Children age 1.5-5: mother had a 12:1 caseload + move from shelter to Percentage of time housed Internalizing Westchester diagnosable mental illness or permanent scattered site subsidized in the community (9-24 problems: I County, New York substance abuse problem and care for housing as soon as possible months) : = Externalizing at least one child aged 1.5–16 years problems: I Control: Routine case management with Enrolled: N=200 Children age 6-10: workers with 24-48:1 caseload + move Intervention: n=97 Internalizing from shelter to permanent scattered site Control: n=103 problems: = subsidized housing only after meeting the Externalizing caseworker's standards for housing Mothers: problems: = readiness Age: mean 31 years Self-reported school Race/ethnicity: white 25%, black Follow-up: 24 months troubles: I 65%, American Indian/Alaska Native 10%; Hispanic 26% Children age 11-16: Homelessness: N/A Internalizing Conditions: N/A problems: = Externalizing Children (N=311)
From page 202...
... VA hospitals: I experiencing homelessness who did providing on-site services, with State psychiatric not receive intervention, matched to participation mandated by the residence hospitals: I persons in intervention group on sex, agreement. race, age, indicators of mental illness Outpatient visits and and substance abuse, and pattern of Comparison: No NY/NY program costs (Medicaid)
From page 203...
... Proportion of tenants Use of crisis Mental health: = who were experiencing scattered site apartments + ACT team remaining in initial housing services: = New York City homelessness or at high risk of services or (B) residential hotel with 30% placement: = Quality of life: = homelessness and entered one of two of units for persons with mental illness + housing programs on-site case management Housing satisfaction: I1 Enrolled: N=139 Intervention 2: "Community residences": Intervention 1: n=67 Single or shared rooms in buildings for Intervention 2: n=72 persons with mental illness, with meal plan and common dining and meeting Sex: 65% male spaces, mandatory sobriety + case Age: mean 41 years management services on site Race/ethnicity: white 22%, black 39%, Hispanic 26% Comparison group matched by Homelessness: N/A propensity score Conditions: schizophrenia 40%, schizoaffective 26%, bipolar 16% Follow-up: 18 months major depression 18%, substance 203 abuse 55%
From page 204...
... who applied for care, health care, and vocational training) emergency supportive housing, received a department visits: I San Francisco random rank order, and received Comparison group: Usual care housing in the first year of the Any inpatient program Follow-up: 1 year admission: = Comparison group: Adults Number of experiencing homelessness with inpatient days: = qualifying disabilities (substance use disorder, mental illness and/or HIV)
From page 205...
... Lower use of Race/ethnicity: white 39%, black analysis sobering center was 10%, Hispanic 6%, American defined as better Indian/Alaska Native 28% Propensity scores were used in regression Homelessness: mean age 31 years analyses to adjust for differences between when first became homeless, mean 2 groups periods of stable housing since first became homeless Conditions: mean 16 times treated for alcohol abuse in lifetime Gilmer 2009 REACH Program Intervention group: Adults Intervention: Housing through transitional Data provided on Data provided on experiencing homelessness with residential treatment program then SRO costs (not costs (not San Diego serious mental illness who entered units and scattered-site apartments using utilization) : utilization)
From page 206...
... 206 Race/ethnicity: white 58%, black 24%, Hispanic 11%, other 7% Homelessness: N/A Conditions: schizophrenia 53%, bipolar disorder 18%, major depression 20%, other psychotic disorder 4% Gilmer 2010 Full Service Intervention group: Adults Intervention: Subsidized permanent Outpatient mental Quality of life: I Justice system Partnership (FSP) experiencing homelessness with housing at scattered sites using Housing health service use: I use: I Program serious mental illness who entered First model + ACT team supports the FSP program Inpatient service San Diego Comparison: Usual care use: I Comparison group: Adults experiencing homelessness with Comparison group matched by propensity Emergency serious mental illness with score department use: I demographic and clinical characteristics similar to FSP clients Follow-up: 6 months – 1 year who were initiating services at the same time Enrolled: N=363 Intervention: n=209 Comparison: n=154 Sex: 63% male Age: mean 44 years Race/ethnicity: white 61%, black 25%, Hispanic 10%, other 5% Homelessness: N/A Conditions: schizophrenia 60%, bipolar disorder 25%, major depression 15% (Continued)
From page 207...
... , defined as participants Martinez, New Intervention 2: n=578 who had no days of transitional/residential York City, treatment during the 3 months before or Philadelphia, Sex: 76% male after entry into CICH Portland, San Age: mean 46 years Francisco Race/ethnicity: white 37%, black Follow-up: up to 2 years 49%, Hispanic 8%, Asian/Pacific Islander 5% Homelessness: past year homeless 86%, mean days homeless in past 3 months 59 days Conditions: schizophrenia 19%, bipolar disorder 19%, depression 29%, alcohol abuse/dependence 53%, drug abuse/dependence 53% Hanratty 2011 Heading Home Intervention group: Individuals who Intervention: Housing First program with Public shelter use: I Mean number of Hennepin Program had been homeless for ≥1 year or had rent subsidies for housing in scattered site arrests: I ≥4 episodes of homelessness in the apartments + case management services Minneapolis, past 3 years, and with a disability Mean number of Hennepin County that limited ability to work for ≥1 Comparison: Usual care days in prisons or month jails: I Comparison group matched by propensity Comparison group: Individuals in score Mean days of public shelters at the same time as health insurance intervention group, but who were not Follow-up: 59% at 18 months coverage: I placed into housing Enrolled: N=528 Intervention: n=264 Comparison: n=264 207
From page 208...
... 208 Sex: 77% male Age: mean 46 years Race/ethnicity: N/A Homelessness: mean shelter nights in past 3 years 156 nights Conditions: N/A Srebnik 2013 Begin at Home Intervention group: Adults Intervention: Single-site Housing First Emergency Number of jail Program experiencing chronic homelessness supportive housing program + on-site department visits: I bookings: = (unaccompanied individuals with a medical, psychiatric, substance use, and Seattle disabling condition who had been case management services Sobering center use: Number of jail continuously homeless for ≥1 year or I days: = had ≥4 episodes of homelessness in Comparison: Usual care the past 3 years) who were referred Number of hospital with ≥60 sobering center visits or Follow-up: 1 year admissions: = ≥$10,000 inpatient paid claims within the past year Number of hospital days: = Comparison group: Individuals who met the above criteria but who did not enter the program Enrolled: N=60 Intervention: n=29 Comparison: n=31 Sex: 72% male Age: mean 51 years Race/ethnicity: white 62%, black 17%, Hispanic 7%, American Indian/Alaska Native 14% Homelessness: N/A Conditions: N/A
From page 209...
... 2002. Public service reductions asso ciated with placement of homeless persons with severe mental illness in supportive housing.
From page 210...
... 1999. Housing placement and subsequent days homeless among formerly homeless adults with mental illness.
From page 211...
... Palepu. 2015.Changes in daily substance use among people experiencing homelessness and mental illness: 24-month outcomes following randomization to Housing First or usual care.
From page 212...
... 2010. Randomized trial of the effects of housing assistance on the health and risk behaviors of homeless and unstably housed people living with HIV.


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.