Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions (2019) / Chapter Skim
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3 Review of Conventional Open Burning/Open Detonation Technologies
3 Review of Conventional Open Burning/Open Detonation Technologies
Pages 30-39
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From page 30... ...
. which also characterized air emissions from OB/OD of vari Several classes of substances associated with munitions ous similar munitions, but did so using instruments inside demilitarization may be of public health or environmental a confined chamber and small volumes of explosives and concern.
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From page 31... ...
Risk assessments The following descriptions of OB/OD were developed by evaluate exposures that might occur directly -- via groundwa- reviewing nine Army depot standard operating procedures ter, surface water, soil, and air -- as well as indirectly -- such (SOPs)
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From page 32... ...
OB of SAA is fre- ciently and not detonate unless they are confined and quently performed in a containment cage or "popping the detonation is initiated by an adequate explosive furnace" or, in the case of CAAA, in "pipe pits." As initiator, such as a blasting cap. The process for with all OB, the resulting air emissions are released burning bulk explosives is similar to that for OB FIGURE 3.1 An open burn operation at the Hawthorne Army Ammunition Depot.
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From page 33... ...
CAAA is authorized smokeless powder."4 The CAAA SOP includes procedures to burn Composition B sludge; Explosive D and Explosive for performing OB in D contaminated material; rocket motors; white phosphorous; scrap red phosphorus and red phosphorus sludge; flare, smoke, 4 The CAAA SOP has different NEW limits and procedures for "small and ignition compositions; contaminated waste solids (soaked web smokeless powder" (defined as propellant used in 3-in. and smaller projectiles)
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From page 34... ...
• A "flashing pad complex" consisting of steel pans • An "incendiary cage," which consists of the wood or boxes placed inside pits that are used to burn dunnage-fueled burn cage and a conveyor feed sys- explosives, projectiles, and warheads that have been tem that is used for burning larger flares, pyrotechnic vented so that the explosives are unconfined. signals, munitions candles, simulators, mortar prim ers, fuzes, small rocket motors, propellant charges, All of the SOPs limit burning operations to periods of and other munitions with a greater NEW than is daylight when specific meteorological conditions are met allowed in the "pipe pit." This facility has a sand- including wind direction and speed, cloud cover, visibility, covered concrete floor, and the burning can take humidity, and ensuring that conditions are not conducive for place directly on the sand-covered concrete floor or lightning strikes.
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From page 35... ...
attached to an ignition charge age for reuse. Unserviceable propellant containers burn initiator (locally prepared bags of smokeless powder)
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From page 36... ...
FIGURE 3.5 Technicians prepare bombs for venting (a form of OD) at the Crane Army Ammunition Activity.
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From page 37... ...
The various Army depot OD SOPs chloroethane and other riot control agents, colored smoke, are more similar than those for OB, and the committee white phosphorous, red phosphorus, and depleted uranium believes that the SOPs reviewed are representative of the is specifically prohibited in the BGAD SOP. No prohibited
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From page 38... ...
The LEAD SOPs. Above-ground shots are authorized at LEAD, SOP prohibits detonation of "dye filled rocket warheads and but they are limited to 50 lb NEW and are performed Navy armor piercing rounds." only when the demolition supervisors have deter The OD SOPs contain specific weather and environmental mined that above-ground OD is necessary, typically conditions that are similar to the restrictions for OB that must for safety reasons.
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From page 39... ...
2017c. Standard Operating Procedure TE-0000-J-168 McAlester Army Ammunition Plant.
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