Forest Health and Biotechnology Possibilities and Considerations (2019) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 13-18
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From page 13... ...
During the same time period, white pine blister rust decimated many populations of white pines in the western United States; one of the affected species, whitebark pine, has been proposed for listing under the Endangered Species Act. In the early 21st century, most of the eastern North American species of ash began succumbing to an introduced insect pest, the emerald ash borer.
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From page 14... ...
. Another approach is to exploit the natural genetic resistance within the affected tree species by identifying genotypes of the tree resistant to the insect or pathogen, then selectively breeding resistant trees, and ultimately introducing those bred trees into forests to continue the spread of the resistant phenotype in the forest tree population (Woodcock et al., 2017)
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From page 15... ...
As of 2018, although research on incorporating resistance to insects or pathogens via biotechnology was being conducted in some forest tree species such as the American chestnut and poplar hybrids, no such resistant genotypes -- created with the intent to spread resistance into a forest population -- had been planted in a North American forest. Given the increase in the frequency and magnitude of pest outbreaks, and the threats they pose to the survival of many North American forest species, a number of federal agencies and a forest organization wanted to explore whether biotechnology held potential for addressing these threats to forest health.
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From page 16... ...
Opportunities to make public statements to the committee were available at each in-person meeting, and the committee accepted written statements throughout the study process.3 Committee members read all submitted written comments, which were subsequently archived in the study's public access file.4 Based on its expertise, experience, and the information it gathered through presentations, scientific literature, and written comments, the committee wrote a draft report in response to the statement of task. That draft was then reviewed by a number of peers with expertise complementary to that of the committee members in a process overseen by the National Academies' Report Review Committee.
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From page 17... ...
Chapter 4 reviews the ecological, economic, social, and ethical considerations related to the use of biotechnology in trees. It includes a synopsis of the potential ecological and economic impacts of deploying trees protected from insect pests and pathogens using biotechnology and a summary of what existing research reveals about public views on the use of biotechnology to improve forest health.
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From page 18... ...
2012. Po tential impacts of emerald ash borer invasion on biogeochemical and water cycling in residential landscapes across a metropolitan region.
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