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5 Addressing Historical, Intergenerational, and Chronic Trauma: Impacts on Children, Families, and Communities
Pages 37-42

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From page 37...
... The term was first used by Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart-Jordan in the 1980s to convey "the collective and compounding emotional and psychological injury over the lifespan that is multigenerational and resulting from a history of genocide." The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration elaborated on the definition as follows: "Unresolved grief and anger often accompany this trauma and contribute to physical and behavioral health disorders. This type of trauma is often associated with racial and ethnic population groups in the United States who have suffered major intergenerational losses and assaults on their culture and well-being."1 1  For more information, see https://www.samhsa.gov/trauma-violence/types.
From page 38...
... Further, mandatory boarding schools "led to the loss of traditional family practices, including parenting; loss of identity, language, and traditions; and a radical change in the role of the Native male." Historical Policies in Current Context Brockie said current living conditions continue to tell the story of the effect of those policies. As an example, she described an isolated rural reservation established in 1851 by the Fort Laramie Treaty where she conducted her dissertation research.
From page 39...
... INTERGENERATIONAL TRAUMA Emily Haozous provided the context for what is meant by the term "inter­ enerational trauma." She described this type of trauma as cumula g tive over time and across generations and felt at both community and indi­ vidual levels. It is also inclusive of natural disasters and other traumatic events that may not have been directed at a specific population but that are particularly significant for marginalized communities.
From page 40...
... , Moore said the community adopted the following vision for the Blueprint: "Milwaukee is a safe and resilient city where the lives of our residents are valued and promoted and protected." With this statement, the community also established six goals: stopping shooting and violence; promoting healing and restorative justice; supporting children, youth, and families; increasing economic opportunities; fostering safe neighborhoods; and strengthening the capacity and coordination of violence prevention efforts. To accomplish these goals, the community identified several risk and resilience factors, such as limited employment and economic opportunities, lack of access to resources, segregation from opportunity, and disconnectedness among residents and institutions.
From page 41...
... The Native American and African American trauma narratives paralleled each other, with presenters sharing insight on the importance of using placebased and two-generation approaches. Some participants expressed concern that there are people in this country who do not believe or understand the depth of what trauma presents for many others, but said this is why these conversations need to continue.


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