School Success An Opportunity for Population Health: Proceedings of a Workshop (2020) / Chapter Skim
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5 Exploring Policy Issues and Opportunities
5 Exploring Policy Issues and Opportunities
Pages 51-66
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From page 51... ...
Kelly Hall of Pembroke Policy Consulting described health care payment options that could be leveraged to impact educational outcomes. Kent McGuire of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation discussed the challenges of measuring both the in-school and out-of-school factors that contribute to educational attainment.
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(Davis) • Implementation of the Every Student Succeeds Act provides an opportunity for school districts to include health measures in their needs assessments and to leverage federal funding to reduce chronic absenteeism.
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The Role of Education Metrics in Advancing the Goals of the Health Sector Many of the examples discussed thus far at the workshop confirm the importance of metrics and data sharing across sectors, Davis said. The Healthy Schools Campaign developed a better understanding of the role that education metrics could play in advancing the goals of the health sectors through its work supporting 151 state teams of health and 1 At the workshop, it was incorrectly stated that there were 50 state teams.
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Health disparities impact educational disparities, and leveraging the power of school health to support equity is an often overlooked approach, she said. National education policy in the United States is based on three layers of accountability: between the federal government and the states, between the states and the school districts, and between school districts and their communities.
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• Support, guidance, and training can be offered on how health and education can talk to one another. Needs Assessment and Evaluation Barriers • Joint use of data to document, monitor, and evaluate the delivery of school health services is critical but rare.
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As mentioned, for the accountability structure between school districts and their communities, chronic absenteeism will be on every publicly reported school progress report in fall 2018. This provides an opportunity for the broader community, including those in the health sector, to understand what is happening in the school and to engage.
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. Data Disclosure Under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act The FERPA does allow disclosure of de-identified data, data shared with written consent, and data shared under a FERPA exception, Chrysler
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This exception allows schools to provide class rosters and updated student contact information. Chrysler advised participants to check the school's website for its policies and procedures on sharing information, including directory information.
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A health emergency necessitating disclosure might include disease outbreaks or urgent environmental threats. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act Resources In closing, Chrysler referred participants to the ED website for resources on the FERPA, such as regulations, guidance, model forms, tutorials, and a data-sharing toolkit for communities.5 PAYMENT APPROACHES FOR HEALTH–EDUCATION COLLABORATION Health Insurance Coverage and Educational Outcomes Health insurance coverage is often seen as necessary but insufficient to improving health care access for children, Hall said.
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Accountable care organizations and bundled payments are current popular approaches in health care, but this distributed shared savings approach has not consistently produced the desired outcomes. A challenge when developing financial incentives for improved children's health outcomes is that children's care is, in general, relatively
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In Medicaid, for example, states could mandate in their contracts with their managed care companies that certain data be collected or publicly reported, or they could include communitybased measures that require managed care companies and health care providers to establish community partnerships to achieve set goals. EQUITY IN IMPROVING EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES6 After more than a decade of educational approaches that have not improved educational outcomes (e.g., competition, governance arrangements, school choice, rooting out and removing "bad" teachers)
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However, he noted, if educators do not know how to foster educational success, just holding them accountable for doing so will not work. DISCUSSION Overcoming Barriers Resulting from the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act Gourevitch observed that the FERPA was put into place for good reasons, but its impact on data sharing for the benefit of student outcomes is becoming increasingly evident, and schools and providers are using work-arounds, such as consents.
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Jeffrey Levi of The George Washington University noted the need to remember why current privacy laws are in place and to take great care in making changes and diminishing legal protection. He recalled a time when confidentiality laws were being implemented for AIDS reporting and how local elected officials wanted health departments to report the names of HIV-infected teachers so they could be fired.
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However, he said that a recent National Bureau of Economic Research report suggests that Medicaid expansion has not improved health outcomes. The question is whether investing in Medicaid to achieve better educational outcomes is a way to support the under-resourced educational system.
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She suggested that managed care companies should work to improve educational outcomes in partnership with the community in order to earn the full capitation rate and that hospital systems should follow the lead of the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and invest in the community from their overall budgets. EVERY STUDENT SUCCEEDS ACT IMPLEMENTATION Pamela Russo of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF)
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