A Research Agenda for Transforming Separation Science (2019) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 7-14
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From page 7... ...
At the simplest level, a separation processes generate large waste streams that are chemical separation might involve boiling and condens- expensive to manage. For those reasons, advances in seping water to eliminate salts or preferentially evaporating aration science are critical both for future U.S.
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and nonthermal separation processes (lower energy use)
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Those advances tantalize us with the prospect of a difficulty is to separate compounds that are extremely greatly improved theoretical and mechanistic understandsimilar in size. More energy-efficient separations could ing of separation processes, improved modeling and prereduce carbon dioxide emissions by 100 million tons a
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From page 10... ...
.1 That report highlighted several key technologi- CURRENT LANDSCAPE OF cal challenges: commercializing biotechnology, reducing SEPARATION SCIENCE dependence on foreign sources of critical and strategic metals, protecting the environment, meeting the demands Since publication of the 1987 report, separation scifor ultrapure materials, and developing alternative energy ence and technology have seen substantial advances. sources and feedstocks.
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selectivity and the ability to manage extremely complex Separation science is not highlighted in many chemfeeds are critical. An example is the tailoring of materials istry and chemical engineering courses; thus, fewer scito capture trace radionuclides from nuclear waste (Wilm- entists are exposed to the fundamentals of separation arth et al., 2011)
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From page 12... ...
mittee also met with AltSep representatives during one of BOX 1-3 Statement of Task The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will convene an ad hoc committee of experts and scientific leaders to develop an agenda for fundamental research in separations science. The committee will write a report that will: • Assess recent and ongoing research efforts to advance science that underpins separations of chemical mixtures and identify priority areas of research that will transform the field of separations science; • Identify advances in chemical transformations, chemical and materials in-situ and operando characterization, computa tion and theory, and synthesis capabilities that can be employed to advance separations sciences and illustrate how they can be utilized to advance separations science; • Address the intersections between chemistry, biochemistry, materials, physics, engineering, and information science that will be essential for scientific progress; • Identify needs and opportunities for novel instrumentation and tools that will advance our understanding of separations processes, including laboratory scale to mid-scale to large scale, such as synchrotron light sources or neutron facilities; • Identify the educational and human resource needs (including cross-sections of academia and industry)
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From page 13... ...
In an Chemistry Institute Chemical Manufacturers Roundtable that was effort to provide clarity to all readers, the committee decreated with funding from the NIST Advanced Manufacturing Tech- fines in Box 1-4 key terms that it uses in this report. nology Consortia Program.
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From page 14... ...
2015. Bandwidth Study on Selected Industrial Sectors Berkeley, CA: Lawrence Energy Use and Potential Energy Saving Opportunities Berkeley National Laboratory.
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