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5 Safety in the Offshore Environment
Pages 31-38

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From page 31...
... Charlie Williams, Center for Offshore Safety, offered an introduction to the session and moderated the discussion following these three presentations. Williams shared that from 1968 until 2007, the loss time incident rate for offshore oil and gas development decreased 98 percent, with a 10-fold increase in work hours.
From page 32...
... Shallow gas formations that are encountered before well integrity has been established have been a major threat to safety, but drilling wells less often in shallow, gas-prone sediment, using improved survey techniques, and implementing diverter systems has helped avoid related problems. He described the 1969 blowout in Santa Barbara with its major environmental impacts, owing to poor well integrity, after 80,000 barrels of oil were released into the Santa Barbara Channel and onto the beach.
From page 33...
... This risk assessment model allows for anyone on the job site to have the opportunity and the autonomy to stop work. Hebert described an integrated approach for safe operations of offshore hydraulic fracturing/acidizing, which includes safety processes and physical barriers for pumping operations.
From page 34...
... The average probability of having a safety event is also low, at 0.52 percent per well operation, as is the average total recordable incident rate (TRIR) at 0.83 per year.1 Hebert concluded that the industry has an excellent safety track record for offshore hydraulic fracturing and acid pumping operations because the industry utilizes both hydraulic and mechanical barriers to protect people and places.
From page 35...
... They also recommended that regulators collect and help analyze data on all incidents, so as to determine causes of incidents, improve transparency, and promote data sharing. The committee also recommended that regulators share the responsibility of establishing safety culture with one another (through a memorandum of understanding)
From page 36...
... The committee asked that industry adopt the BSEE definition of safety culture and its essential elements; work collectively and collaboratively to affect change; help regulators to define an optimal mix of regulation and voluntary activities; create guidance on safety culture expectations and responsibilities for all parties involved offshore; and develop an independent safety organization modeled after the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations (INPO) in which all those who work offshore would participate.
From page 37...
... Williams suggested incorporating safety simulation exercises that, while engaging, do not have to be expensive or elaborate. He noted that targeted safety data relevant to particular
From page 38...
... Tippins agreed that personalization of safety training is key. She also suggested that trainers read literature on adult learning to gather strategies about delivering complex material to adults in an interesting way.


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