Freight Transportation Resilience in Response to Supply Chain Disruptions (2019) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 13-31
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 13... ...
13 Public agencies focus on disruptions to the transportation systems for which they are responsible. Although they are concerned about how to handle traffic after a disruption, they often do not think about how that disruption is affecting activities outside their jurisdiction such as supply chains.
|
From page 14... ...
14 An accompanying guidance document provides a framework for the steps that can be taken to assess an agency's current efforts at promoting system resiliency and of developing organizational capability. The framework consists of the following steps.
|
From page 15... ...
15 The project also identified the following research needs: 1. Detour/Alternate Route Assessments: Examine the entire spectrum of identifying detour routes, assessing their capabilities in terms of handling more traffic, and identifying the types of strategies that could be used to implement these strategies.
|
From page 16... ...
16 Intra-and Inter-Agency Communications Use of the latest communications technologies to ensure continuous real time in-transit visibility of the condition and location of both cargos and cargo handling assets, Exercising inter-agency communications protocols: to ensure that appropriate priority is given to military convoys and their cargos, including early communication of modified asset needs (e.g. Extended seaport gate opening hours)
|
From page 17... ...
17 CHAPTER 1: RESEARCH MOTIVATION AND APPROACH 1.1 INTRODUCTION Large-scale disruptions to transportation systems seem to be one of the new realities of today's world -- extreme weather, and over the long-term climate change, is affecting the performance of the U.S. transportation system, and often the global supply chain.
|
From page 18... ...
18 These characteristics suggest that the study of freight system disruptions and of how to enhance system resilience is complex and requires a solid understanding of the freight sector as well as of the nature and range of current and potentially future disruptions. One of the ways of enhancing the response to system disruptions is to understand a priori what options and best practice examples are available, the roles and responsibilities of the different stakeholders involved, and the barriers that might diminish the effectiveness of an organization's response.
|
From page 19... ...
19 Figure 1: Research Approach
|
From page 20... ...
20 As shown in Figure 1, the research design was divided into two phases. Phase 1 gathered and synthesized information on the state-of-practice and state-of-knowledge of freight system resiliency.
|
From page 21... ...
21 CHAPTER 2: SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 2.1 INTRODUCTION Various documents, including journal articles, reports, conference papers, articles in periodicals, news articles, presentations, and electronic media, were examined to identify freight resiliency research practices and approaches found in the U.S. and other countries.
|
From page 22... ...
22 In order to enhance freight transportation system resilience, it is important to understand various types of disruptions and their characteristics. The following sections discuss these characteristics using several well-documented disruption events as examples.
|
From page 23... ...
23 In 2002, negotiations between the International Longshoremen and Warehouse Union (ILWU) and the Pacific Maritime Association (PMA)
|
From page 24... ...
24 2.2.2 Geographic Scope Another important characteristic of a disruptive event is how far the impacts "reach" up and down the supply chain. The geographic scope can be classified as follows: Local – disruptions that affect a local area and can be mitigated by providing detours or other alternate routes.
|
From page 25... ...
25 Massive floods in Thailand in 2011, most flooding in 50 years, had a similar effect on Asian supply chains as the 201l earthquake and tsunami in Japan. About 50 percent of the automobiles manufactured in Thailand (approximately 900,000 vehicles)
|
From page 26... ...
26 2.3 MILITARY SURGES A commercial port's throughput capacity can be affected by disruptions from both natural and labor sources and as well from sudden increases in port traffic that overwhelms port resources. Such a surge in demand occurs for selected ports with a rapid military deployment.
|
From page 27... ...
27 Highway capacity - inadequate highway access capacity leading to multi-truck queues into the port. Adequate signage was also an issue at some ports.
|
From page 28... ...
28 Ab ru pt Product Quality (Material Defect) Technology Failure (Operating System)
|
From page 29... ...
29 2.5 SYSTEM RESILIENCY FACTORS Accidents, acts of terrorism, financial disasters, natural disasters, and the like can lead to large-scale consequences for a region, its communities and those that live and do business in the affected areas (NAS, 2012)
|
From page 30... ...
30 Communication / Transactional / Informational – components such as inter-organization or stakeholder communications, exchange of invoices and payments, emergency communications documentation, communication roles and responsibilities, information gathering, employee education, and the like. Regulatory / Oversight – components such as lobbying on issues, post-event oversight, public policy updates and changes, promoting national programs and policies, and the like.
|
From page 31... ...
31 Mitigation strategies for protecting physical infrastructure against longer lead-time threats such as climate change have also seen some interest in recent years. The adoption of new, adaptive design standards will likely have to occur as future climate conditions and the options available for addressing them become better understood.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.