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Domestic Manufacturing Capabilities for Critical DoD Applications Emerging Needs in Quantum-Enabled Systems: Proceedings of a Workshop (2019) / Chapter Skim
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4 Quantum Communications and Networks
Pages 24-33

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From page 24...
... A NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION OVERVIEW OF QUANTUM EFFORTS Prem Kumar, Northwestern University Kumar described the differences between quantum communications and classical communications and discussed the path to quantum communications and, ultimately, to quantum networks. Classical Communications Versus Quantum Communications In classical communications, error-free communication is possible below a certain capacity.
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From page 25...
... Singapore was able to package simple quantum key distribution and launch it on a CubeSat.5 Kumar's laboratory showed that quantum communication was possible on classical communications infrastructure, a possibility that could be exploited for various applications.6,7,8 By engineering quantum sources over classical sources, 1  C.H. Bennett, G
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From page 26...
... Kumar and his colleagues envision a system in which even very different quantum devices and technologies, such as those based on atoms, ions, photons, and superconduc tors, can be interconnected. One major challenge to quantum networks is establishing quantum state transduction, where quantum states can transfer from one physical modality to another.
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From page 27...
... Photonic QIP -- at the intersection of quantum optics, quantum information, algorithms, optical imaging and sensing, and network communication theory -- aims to harness quantum mechanical properties of light in all applications involv ing acquisition, encoding, transmission, and processing of information via light. Although the all-photonic route to universal quantum computing might eventually prove a serious contender to other qubit technologies, there are many high-impact nearer-term applications of photonic QIP where the information to be computed is natively in the optical domain, such as in optical communications, sensing, and imaging tasks.
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From page 28...
... Photonic Quantum Computing One of the biggest applications of a future quantum communications network is to enable distant quantum computers to talk to one another. That task may re quire quantum transduction between traveling qubits (photons)
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From page 29...
... A quantum communications network cannot work with classical amplifiers as quantum repeaters.14 Quantum versions of amplifiers have not yet been built. "Quantum repeater" is the term used to refer to a quantum processor that serves as an amplifier, switch, and router for quantum communications.
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From page 30...
... There are many even tual applications, including secure multiparty computations, distributed sensors enhanced by entanglement, and secure access to quantum computers on the cloud. In response to a question about photonic quantum computing, Guha clarified that large continuous variable optical cluster states have been demonstrated, but they do not have the full power of quantum processing yet, but the technology is advancing fast.
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From page 31...
... This is necessary for building quantum architectures and networks that exchange quantum information coherently between nodes and channels. This quantum transduction and quan tum transfer process was first demonstrated using photons that convey quantum information between quantum states in systems such as cold atoms and trapped ions.
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From page 32...
... For example, after decades of experience, it is now possible to grow exceptionally pure, near-perfect materials, such as gallium arsenide–based heterostructures, the ­quintessential ­topological quantum material. Other semiconductor heterostructures such as Si/SiGe have also been exploited for developing quantum dot spin qubits and even used for 2-bit quantum processors, Samarth noted.17 While perfect semiconductor materials are very useful for developing qubit platforms, even defective materials have proven to be important.
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From page 33...
... Materials synthesis and characterization will lead to the development of new quantum technologies, he posited, arguing that until it is clear what that future technology will require, all materials research areas should remain open. New approaches with new materials may one day incorporate coherence and entanglement, solving old problems while also creating new ones.
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Key Terms

  • quantum materials
  • classical communications
  • quantum computing
  • quantum communication
  • quantum information

  • quantum repeaters
  • quantum networks
  • quantum internet
  • quantum state
  • quantum networking

  • quantum computers
  • quantum memory
  • optical communications
  • communications capacity
  • communications network

  • photonic quantum
  • quantum technologies
  • quantum mechanical
  • quantum network
  • quantum teleportation

  • optical cluster
  • physical review
  • spin qubits
  • samarth noted
  • cluster states

  • quantum dot
  • universal quantum
  • technologies quantum
  • scalable quantum
  • quantum states


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