Investing in Interventions That Address Non-Medical, Health-Related Social Needs Proceedings of a Workshop (2019) / Chapter Skim
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4 Interventions Addressing Food Insecurity
4 Interventions Addressing Food Insecurity
Pages 35-44
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From page 35... ...
• Look at return on investment from the broad perspective of health care dollars saved, reduced health care utilization, patient-reported, health-related quality of life, and quality metrics associated with disease control, among other aspects, to understand the full impact of interventions to address food insecurity. (Berkowitz)
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From page 36... ...
Moreover, the association between food insecurity and poor health often leads to higher health care utilization and higher health care costs, Berkowitz added. In fact, a study he and his colleagues conducted found that health care expenditures averaged $1,800 per year more for people with food insecurity compared to those who can access adequate nutrition (Berkowitz et al., 2018)
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From page 37... ...
Looking across clinical outcomes, Geisinger Health recognized that the extensive and comprehensive clinical work on improving type 2 diabetes management was not as successful as expected largely because patients were unable to consistently access healthy food for their very diet-responsive condition. Working with the Central Pennsylvania Food Bank, Hess and her colleagues established the Fresh Food Farmacy program that treats prescriptive food as medicine to treat type 2 diabetes (Feinberg et al., 2018; Hess et al., 2019)
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From page 38... ...
Annual eye exams, for example, increased by 16 percent, annual foot exams rose by 24 percent, and mammograms increased by more than 7 percent, for patients enrolled in the program. She noted, too, that Geisinger is seeing a 74 percent difference in admission rates between its enrolled and nonenrolled client population, as well as a 27 percent difference in ED visits and an increase in visits to primary care physicians.
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From page 39... ...
To test primary care physician clinics as a primary channel to address food insecurity, Renda and his colleagues conducted a pilot with over 500 clients and found that physicians could successfully screen their patients for food insecurity during office visits and then refer them to food resources -- all without disrupting practice flow. They then developed a physician toolkit to educate them on how food insecurity affects health,3 why it is important to screen in a clinic setting, and how to do it using the U.S.
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From page 40... ...
Renda and his colleagues have also developed a tool called ZoomIn for creating hyperlocal heat maps for social determinants that uses publicly available data sets to identify food deserts and overlay them with community resources.4 For example, plugging an individual's address into the tool reveals if they live in a food desert and identifies community resources that individuals can access to line up transportation to the nearest grocery store or food bank. 4 Information available at https://zoomin.humana.com (accessed May 28, 2019)
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From page 41... ...
It is also hosting health screenings and helping with benefits enrollment. As an aside, Leone mentioned that some of her organization's food banks in Ohio have engaged local hospital executives to speak with their members of Congress and advocate for SNAP, which she noted provides nine meals for every meal provided by food banks.
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From page 42... ...
Berkowitz added that all good food insecurity interventions have an educational component, and he agreed with Renda that affordability must be addressed. He then pointed out that there is a significant body of literature around interventions designed to improve the healthfulness of offerings at corner grocery stores, and at least two cities -- Philadelphia and San Francisco -- have local policy initiatives that enable corner stores to upgrade their facilities and add refrigeration to store fresh fruits and vegetables.
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From page 43... ...
DeSalvo also pointed out that USDA announced a pilot program that will allow online retailers to take SNAP benefits so that food can be delivered to SNAP beneficiaries. Larry McNeely, a workshop participant, noted that the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, like SNAP, works to provide nutritional support for children.
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