A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies (2020) / Chapter Skim
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127 128 Appendix A1: Annotated Bibliography 128 A Institutional Context for Emergency Management 131 B
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128 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Appendix A1: Annotated Bibliography A Institutional Context for Emergency Management Recent guidance at the national level has been reshaping the focus and long-term direction of transportation agencies.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 129 and environmental fabric of the community." The new Framework incorporates the edits to the National Preparedness Goal and new lessons learned. Additional changes made to the Framework include: "Increased focus on Recovery's relationship with the other four mission areas.
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130 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Synopsis. The National Protection Framework focuses on "actions to deter threats, reduce vulnerabilities, and minimize the consequences associated with an incident." The new Framework incorporates the edits to the National Preparedness Goal and new lessons learned.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 131 NIPP 2013: Partnering for Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience Citation. National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP)
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132 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Bridge and in the Boston tunnels, oil train derailments) , or intentional acts (e.g., cyberattacks and armed assault, including active-shooter incidents)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 133 designed to connect as many components as possible to already established standards, guidelines, regulations, and laws, so that the Guide will remain current as these underlying components are updated. In addition, the Guide discusses appropriate means for maintaining currency of the information over time.
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134 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Synopsis. From the Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 135 official flood maps, access to a range of other flood hazard products, and tools for better understanding flood risk. Interior Geospatial Emergency Management System (IGEMS)
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136 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies both the national and international air space, developing regulations to ensure the continued operation of the electric grid during an extreme space weather event, proposing a new option for replacing crucial Extra High Voltage (EHV) transformers damaged by space weather, and developing domestic production sources for EHV transformers.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 137 transportation security and emergency management program – Security 101: A Physical Security Primer for Transportation, and A Guide to Emergency Response Planning at State Transportation Agencies – officials will have the information they need to incorporate space-weather considerations into transportation-security guidelines and emergencyresponse plans. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
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138 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies with investments proposed in the President's Budget for Fiscal Year 2016 and will be reevaluated and updated within 3 years of the date of publication or as needed. Taken together, the Strategy and Action Plan will facilitate the integration of space-weather considerations into federal planning and decision making to achieve preparedness levels consistent with national policies, and enhance the resilience of critical technologies infrastructures to the potentially debilitating effects of space weather on the people, economy, and security of the United States.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 139 results of their cyber risk mitigation activities. Four of these agencies concurred with GAO's recommendation, while two agencies did not comment on the recommendations.
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140 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Synopsis. This report contains the results and analysis of a review of best practices and observations in the field of cybersecurity involving electronic control systems across a variety of industry segments where the safety-of-life is concerned.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 141 Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation Citation. Moteff, John D
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142 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies infrastructure protection planning activity, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) coordinated with state and local governments and other federal stakeholders to complete the Emergency Services Sector-Specific Plan.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 143 Security risk and vulnerability assessment; (2) Modeling and simulation tools; (3)
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144 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies and implemented certain capabilities to satisfy aspects of its responsibilities, but it has not fully implemented GAO's recommendations and, thus, more action is needed to address the risk to critical cybersecurity infrastructure. Freight Rail Security: Actions Have Been Taken to Enhance Security, but the Federal Strategy Can Be Strengthened and Security Efforts Better Monitored Citation.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 145 Cybersecurity Resources Protection of Transportation Infrastructure from Cyber Attacks: A Primer (2016) Citation.
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146 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies NIST Cybersecurity Framework Available: http://www.nist.gov/cyberframework/ The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 147 TSA DHS facilitates the Cybersecurity Assessment and Risk Management Approach (CARMA) for companies requesting assessments.
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148 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Laboratory (ITL) Bulletins, and NIST Interagency Reports (NIST IR)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 149 The ST-ISAC was formed at the request of the U.S. Department of Transportation.
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150 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies National Cyber Investigative Joint Task Force -- Analytical Group Available: http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/investigate/cyber/ncijtf In 2008, the U.S. President mandated the National Cyber Investigative Joint Task Force (NCIJTF)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 151 resources provided by other states and the federal government during operations. In conducting these activities, DOTs should consider applicable standards and best practices for incorporating risk and resilience into functions and systems.
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152 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies the importance of response and recovery team members understanding each other's roles and responsibilities, because often the two functions overlap. Considering Security and Emergency Management in the Planning of Transportation Projects: A Guide for Planners of New Transportation Projects, FHWA (2012)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 153 Synopsis.
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154 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Incorporating Security into the Transportation Planning Process Citation. NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 3: Incorporating Security into the Transportation Planning Process, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2005.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 155 • Identify and summarize gaps found in TIM activities/information for national, state, and local departments and agencies. • Identify and outline a framework for achieving a complete TIM program for the different levels of government utilizing national guidelines.
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156 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies improving the efficiency of the highway system through possible cost-recovery strategies, better investment of cost-efficient resources, and improved communication among responders about roles and responsibilities; and developing an action-based executive group equipped to provide leadership, support, and guidance in advancing priority actions. Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation for Traffic Incident Management Applications Citation.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 157 every day. This guide is not designed to stand alone but in conjunction with training and exercises that will indoctrinate the Safety/Service patrol operators into these good practices as well as agency formal standard operating guidelines or procedures.
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158 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies The following changes were made to the National Preparedness Goal document: • Introduction: Language added to stress the importance of community preparedness and resilience. • Risk and the Core Capabilities: Enhanced items on cybersecurity and climate change.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 159 Synopsis. The National Protection Framework focuses on "actions to deter threats, reduce vulnerabilities, and minimize the consequences associated with an incident." The new Framework incorporates the edits to the National Preparedness Goal and new lessons learned.
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160 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies National Disaster Recovery Framework, Second Edition -- Information Sheet Citation. National Disaster Recovery Framework, Second Edition -- Information Sheet, Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 161 Systems Resilience and Climate Change Citation. Systems Resilience and Climate Change.
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162 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies from incidents, and evaluate responses. It also introduces concepts supporting resilience programs.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 163 Building Resilient States: A Framework for Agencies Citation. Building Resilient States: A Framework for Agencies, Smart Growth America.
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164 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies This guide is designed to help scientists and practitioners working on risk governance and resilience evaluation. It stresses the importance of including resilience building in the process of governing risk, including in research, policy, strategies, and practices.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 165 Planning for a More Resilient Future: A Guide to Regional Approaches Citation. Planning for a More Resilient Future: A Guide to Regional Approaches, NADO.
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166 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Improving the Resiliency of Transit Systems Threatened by Natural Disasters Citation. Deborah Matherly, Jon A
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 167 Synopsis. The objectives of this research are to develop (a)
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168 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies their regional plans. Massachusetts committed funding to address climate impacts according to recommendations made in the state's 2011 Climate Change Adaptation Report, which included recommendations for improving transportation facilities' preparedness for extreme weather events.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 169 coordinate decision making and risk management across modes at local, state, regional, and national levels. – Gaps in leadership, coordination, and workforce capabilities have made it difficult for organizations to effectively incorporate resilience as an embedded function of good operating practice.
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170 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies here relies on nine interviews with policymakers and planners, a survey of transportation project prioritization criteria, development of a longitudinal bridge funding database, and its integration with publicly available geospatial data. It presents a novel spatial analysis methodology, a modified version of which could be adopted by transportation agencies for prioritizing scarce adaptation funds.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 171 Synopsis. The purpose of this academic study is to examine resilience planning in the Port of New York and New Jersey with the goal of helping port, emergency management, and planning professionals enhance the value of their ongoing port resilience planning work.
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172 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Oregon Resilience Plan: Reducing Risk and Improving Recovery for the Next Cascadia Earthquake and Tsunami, 2013 http://www.oregon.gov/OMD/OEM/osspac/docs/Oregon_Resilience_Plan_Final.pdf Oregon Resilience Plan set out to help Oregonians know what to expect from the state's infrastructure should that disaster strike this year, and to propose the level of infrastructure reliability that a resilient state should provide. The plan's recommendations highlight ways to close the gap that separates expected and desired performance.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 173 In addition to emergency management, the Plan also recognizes the need for system owners to identify where the risk for service interruptions will be greatest from the impacts of climate change. To reduce vulnerability and increase resilience, the Plan calls for the development of more refined data and decision-making tools to help decision-makers integrate climate trends and their potential impacts into decisions about the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of transportation infrastructure.
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174 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies D Stakeholders -- Regional Collaboration National Incident Management System (NIMS)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 175 Synopsis. This guidebook provides an overview of the mission and functions of transportation management centers, emergency operations centers, and fusion centers.
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176 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Uses of Social Media in Public Transportation Citation. TCRP Synthesis 99: Uses of Social Media in Public Transportation, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2012.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 177 The following NIMS and ICS courses are highlighted on the NIMS training page: ICS and NIMS Courses • ICS-100: Introduction to the Incident Command System • ICS-200: ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Incidents • ICS-300: Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents • ICS-400: Advanced ICS for Command and General Staff • IS-700: National Incident Management System, An Introduction • IS-701: NIMS Multiagency Coordination System (MACS) • IS-702: NIMS Publication Information Systems • IS-703: NIMS Resource Management • IS-704: NIMS Communication and Information Management (unavailable)
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178 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies and the National Preparedness Goal (NPG) , is "the emergency management community's flagship training institution, and provides training to Federal, State, local, tribal, volunteer, public, and private sector officials to strengthen emergency management core competencies for professional, career-long training." Courses offered by EMI include the following: • IS-100: Introduction to the Incident Command System • IS-200: ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Incidents • ICS-300: Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents • ICS-400: Advanced ICS • IS-552: The Public Works Role in Emergency Management • IS-554: Emergency Planning for Public Works • IS-556: Damage Assessment for Public Works • IS-558: Public Works and Disaster Recovery • IS-559: Local Damage Assessment • IS-632: Introduction to Debris Operations • IS-700: Introduction to the National Incident Management System • IS-701.a: NIMS Multiagency Coordination System (MACS)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 179 FEMA.gov Exercise Webpage Available: www.fema.gov/exercise FEMA's exercise webpage describes the National Exercise Program (NEP) ; the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP)
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180 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies and have common program priorities. In addition, EMPG-funded personnel are required to participate in no fewer than three exercises in a 12-month period.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 181 a training program should include "the assessment, development and implementation of appropriate training for Program officials, emergency management response personnel and the public." The key elements of the standard include • Training needs assessment, curriculum, course evaluations, and records of training. • Training for emergency personnel consistent with their current and potential responsibilities, including specialized training related to the threats facing the jurisdiction.
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182 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Traffic incident management is described as "the process of coordinating the resources of a number of different public and private sector partners to detect, respond to, and clear traffic incidents as quickly as possible to reduce the duration and impacts of incidents, while protecting the safety of on-scene responders and the traveling public." AASHTO National Traffic Incident Management Coalition Available: http://ntimc.transportation.org/Pages/ObjectivesandStrategies.aspx This AASHTO website provides links to numerous TIM publications, brochures, videos, and training resources. National Highway Institute (NHI)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 183 the importance of continuous improvement. With respect to Delivery methods, the use of Interactive training techniques, technologies, shared resource models, and interagency and interjurisdictional activities are discussed.
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184 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies • About one-half of responses indicated that new hires were generally knowledgeable in one or more specific TSM&O topic areas (e.g., traffic signals) with the other half with little knowledge.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 185 Safety and Security In the description of the Safety and Security module, it is noted that Section 5329, MAP-21 (49 USC 5329) provides FTA with the authority to establish a national transit safety framework, requires DOT to establish a national transit safety plan which includes safety performance criteria and standards and a Safety Certification Training Program for federal and state workers, contractors who conduct oversight, and transit workers responsible for safety oversight, and requires FTA funding recipients to create an agency safety plan and certify it meets FTA requirements.
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186 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies For the core job function of Real-Time Operations, competencies were grouped into Operations Strategies; Systems and Technology; Safety; Security; and Management of Real- Time Operations Systems. • "Operations Strategies -- Maintenance of the capacity and safety of highways by controlling traffic, responding to incidents, clearing snow and other obstructions, and providing information to users on highway conditions and alternatives.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 187 Transportation Institute, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2015, [Online]
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188 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies • Chapter 3: Exercise Design and Development describes the methodology for developing exercise objectives; conducting planning meetings; developing exercise documentation; and planning for exercise logistics, control, and evaluation. • Chapter 4: Exercise Conduct provides guidance on setup, exercise play, and wrap-up activities.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 189 for an exercise planning team and developing an exercise planning timeline with milestones; • Developing exercise-specific objectives and identifying core capabilities based on the guidance of elected and appointed officials; • Identifying evaluation requirements; • Developing the exercise scenario; • Creating documentation; • Coordinating logistics; and • Planning for exercise control and evaluation." Design: The core components include establishing the scope, objectives, scenario, documentation, and media and public relations guidance. Objectives: Generally, planners should select a reasonable number of specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART)
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190 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Improvements may include changes to plans, procedures, organizational structures, processes, equipment or other resources, and training. Individual corrective actions should be monitored until they have been implemented.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 191 Interactive Solutions: For adult learners whose motivation is problem-centered, interactive training is ideal. The interactive solutions identified in the synthesis included both Synchronous methods and Asynchronous methods.
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192 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Section 3 -- identifies components of a security awareness campaign, including general messages and delivery methods Section 4 -- provides relatively inexpensive methods to promote security awareness Appendices Appendix A -- Overview of current training and resources Appendix B -- Contact list of transportation security training organizations Appendix C -- Directory of transportation security resources The Report notes that many DOTs may believe security is not DOT business. However, because transportation systems are vulnerable to various hazards and threats, DOTs play a significant role in infrastructure security and have the responsibility of controlling access to critical components, coordinating with law enforcement to ensure quick response, conducting risk and vulnerability assessments, and taking action to address the effects of risks and vulnerabilities.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 193 Successes • On-the-job training creates positive training experiences • State-of-the-art railroad education and training centers include the Railroad Education and Development Institute Challenges • Experienced workers may be averse to providing on-the-job training due to liability concerns • Lack of qualified trainers • Lack of consistent and standardized training programs • Adapting training to different education and experience levels Recommendations • A culture of preceptorship and mentoring should be created • Increased standardization and focus on training should be promoted • World-class training facilities and programs to deliver both classroom and hands-on training should be established TCRP Web-Only Document 60/NCHRP Web-Only Document 200: Command-Level Decision Making for Transit Emergency Managers Citation. Pigora, Mary Ann.
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194 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Phase 3 • Developed the scenario-based training system • Executed Test Plan Chapter 3 presents the project findings. Table 3, Scenarios with Task Function Differentiators, is included in this chapter.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 195 achieving an integrated, DHS-wide health protection infrastructure with the necessary centralized oversight authority." "Protecting the homeland is physically and mentally demanding and entails many inherent risks, necessitating a DHS workforce that is mission ready. Among other things, mission readiness depends on (1)
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196 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies agency's technical capacity for operating and maintaining any security equipment that may be identified in such list • Specific procedures to be implemented or used by the public transportation agency in response to a terrorist attack, including evacuation and passenger communication plans and appropriate evacuation and communication measures for the elderly and individuals with disabilities • A coordinated response plan that establishes procedures for appropriate interaction with State and local law enforcement agencies, emergency responders, and Federal officials in order to coordinate security measures and plans for response in the event of a terrorist attack or other major incident • A strategy and timeline for conducting training under Section 1408 of the 9/11 Act • Plans for providing redundant and other appropriate backup systems necessary to ensure the continued operation of critical elements of the public transportation system in the event of a terrorist attack or other major incident • Plans for providing service capabilities throughout the system in the event of a terrorist attack or other major incident in the city or region which the public transportation system serves • Methods to mitigate damage within a public transportation system in case of an attack on the system, including a plan for communication and coordination with emergency responders • Other actions or procedures as the Secretary of Homeland Security determines are appropriate to address the security of the public transportation system" Link for the main Transit Security Grant Program site: https://www.fema.gov/fiscal-year- 2016-transit-security-grant-program Fiscal Year (FY) 2016 Transit Security Grant Program (TSGP)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 197 Transit Safety and Security Program (TSSP) Certification, Transportation Safety Institute Available: http://www.rita.dot.gov/tsi/about/transit_safety Synopsis.
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198 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Approved Transit Courses for Homeland Security Grants Courses approved by the Department of Homeland Security/Office of Domestic Preparedness are eligible for a Homeland Security Grant. They include the following: • FT00432 -- Transit System Security • FT00531 -- Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (Provides system security concepts and initiatives, the three CPTED principles, and facilities design and operations planning)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 199 Natural disaster response and recovery • Flooding – Provide sandbagging assistance. – Augment evacuation efforts.
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200 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies 2014 National Strategy for Transportation Security (NSTS) Citation.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 201 vehicles with explosives or toxic materials as a weapon, and contamination of food products during transport. These scenarios led to the risk-based priority of enhancing frontline employee security training and awareness.
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202 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies the synthesis summarizes its findings (challenges and effective practices of state DOTs) and shares useful resources for the two federal programs.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 203 • Raise awareness of the need for education and training opportunities for road safety professionals; • Develop a set of core competencies for road safety professionals; and • Encourage use of the core competencies in training and education programs, hiring decisions, performance evaluations, and professional development. This report presents a model curriculum based on the core competencies developed by the Joint Task Force.
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204 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies of damaged pavement, structures or roadside devices, and clearing debris. In some jurisdictions the PW/DOT agency may be involved in hazmat containment or cleanup.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 205 Synopsis. Emergency Management has now become a vital Public Works function in the United States since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and Hurricane Katrina in August 2005.
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206 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Fusion centers operate as state and major urban area focal points for the receipt, analysis, gathering, and sharing of threat-related information between federal; state, local, tribal, territorial (SLTT) ; and private sector partners.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 207 Surface Transportation Information and Sharing Analysis Center (ST-ISAC) Online: https://www.surfacetransportationisac.org/ The ST-ISAC was formed at the request of the Department of Transportation.
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208 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies enhancing cyber threat prevention, protection, response, and recovery throughout the states of our nation. The mission of the MS-ISAC is to provide a common mechanism for raising the level of cybersecurity readiness and response in each state/territory and with local governments.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 209 Fusion Center Contact List Alabama Fusion Center Montgomery, Alabama Phone: (334)
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210 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Boston Regional Intelligence Center; Boston, MA Boston, Massachusetts Phone: (617) 343-4328 bric.bpd@cityofboston.gov www.mbhsr.org/ California State Threat Assessment Center Mather, California Phone: (916)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 211 Colorado Information Analysis Center Lakewood, Colorado Phone: (877) 509-2422 cdps_ciac@state.co.us dhsem.state.co.us Connecticut Intelligence Center Hartford, Connecticut Phone: (860)
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212 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Detroit and Southeast Michigan Information and Intelligence Center; Detroit, MI Detroit, Michigan Phone: (313) 967-4600 DSEMIIC@michigan.gov El Paso Multi-Agency Tactical Response Information eXchange (MATRIX)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 213 Hawaii Fusion Center Honolulu, Hawaii Phone: (916) 356-4467 hsfc@dod.hawaii.gov www.pacclear.org Houston Regional Intelligence Service Center; Houston, TX Houston, Texas Phone: (713)
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214 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Kansas City Terrorism Early Warning Fusion Center; Kansas City, MO Kansas City, Missouri Phone: (816) 413-3601 kctew@kcpd.org www.kctew.org Kansas Intelligence Fusion Center Topeka, Kansas Phone: (785)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 215 Maine Information and Analysis Center Augusta, Maine Phone: (207)
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216 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Minnesota Fusion Center St. Paul, Minnesota Phone: (651)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 217 Nevada Threat Analysis Center; Carson City, NV Carson City, Nevada Phone: (775) 687-0450 ntac@dps.state.nv.us www.ntacnv.org New Hampshire Information and Analysis Center Concord, New Hampshire Phone: (603)
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218 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies North Central Texas Fusion Center; McKinney, TX McKinney, Texas Phone: (972) 548-5537 NCTFC@co.collin.tx.us www.co.collin.tx.us North Dakota State and Local Information Center Bismarck, North Dakota Phone: (866)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 219 Oklahoma Information Fusion Center Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Phone: (405) 842-8547 Alternate Phone: (405)
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220 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies San Diego Law Enforcement Coordination Center; San Diego, CA San Diego, California Phone: (858) 495-5730 info@sd-lecc.org South Carolina Information and Intelligence Center Columbia, South Carolina Phone: (866)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 221 Southwest Texas Fusion Center; San Antonio, TX San Antonio, Texas Phone: (210) 207-7680 swtxfusion@sanantonio.gov Southwestern PA Region 13 Fusion Center; Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Phone: (412)
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222 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Utah Statewide Information and Analysis Center Sandy, Utah Phone: (801) 256-2360 SIAC@utah.gov www.publicsafety.utah.gov/investigations/siac.html Vermont Intelligence Center Williston, Vermont Phone: (802)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 223 wvfusion@wv.gov www.fusioncenter.wv.gov Wisconsin Statewide Information Center Madison, Wisconsin Phone: (608) 242-5393 wsic@doj.state.wi.us www.doj.state.wi.us/dci/division-criminal-investigation-dci West Virginia Intelligence Fusion Center Charleston, West Virginia Phone: (304)
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224 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Appendix A3: Guidance for Plan, Prepare, Respond, and Recover Phases Plan STEPS PHASE: PLAN ACTION ITEM SUPPORTING ACTIONS STATUS 1. Form a collaborative planning team.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 225 • State or agency Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP)
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226 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies ordinances, executive orders, regulations, policies, and formal agreements relevant to providing transportation during emergencies.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 227 are non-English speaking; individuals lacking transportation; those with chronic medical disorders; and people with pharmacological dependency. PLAN10 Determine status of state transportation agency emergency planning activities to date and identify areas in need of improvement.
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228 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies post disaster assistance from the federal government, including public assistance and individual assistance from FEMA?
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 229 agency's response to a range of emergency situations may unfold. PLAN15 Identify the resources needed to support the state transportation agency's response activities.
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230 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies STEPS PHASE: PREPARE ACTION ITEM SUPPORTING ACTIONS STATUS 1. Develop approaches for implementing state transportation agency roles and responsibilities during emergencies, as specified in the State EOP and supporting annexes and references.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 231 • Requirements and issues regarding drivers or operators of the transportation vehicles and equipment • Rules for payment, reimbursement, and cost allocation • Workers' compensation and treatment of liability and immunity • Recognition of qualifications and certifications • Review, support, and adopt NIMS national credentialing system • Protocols for interoperable communications • Protocols for public information and warning • Protocols for evacuation, reception, and shelter • Protocols for preparedness, response, recovery, and protective actions • Expand MOU/As to include information-sharing and interagency decision making, command and management/chain of command and control • Relationships with other agreements among jurisdictions • Process for modification and evaluation of procedures and protocols • Sharing agreements Two examples of MOU/As are provided in Step Five, Tool 5.3 of NCHRP Report 740. Examples of MOU/As are also provided in the Appendix of this Guide.
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232 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies 3.10 The COOP should also address the following: • Operational Concept • COOP Activation/Termination • Roles and Responsibilities • Risk Management • Maintenance of COOP/Updating the Plan • Budgeting/acquisition of resources • Essential Functions • Orders of Succession • Delegations of Authority • Continuity Facilities • Continuity Communications, Security, and Logistics • Essential Records Management • Human Resources • Test, Training, and Exercise Program • Devolution of Control and Direction • Reconstitution Operations 3.11 Identify agency response resources and develop an inventory conforming to NIMS resource typing standards as identified by the NIC. Share additional resource typing information with the NIC.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 233 pets and service animals, and vehicles to be evacuated, sheltered-in-place, or quarantined. 4.5 Coordinate and manage roadways, monitor roadway status, incident response, fuel and services for selfevacuees, vehicles transporting evacuees, and in-bound response vehicles.
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234 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies integrated, and coordinated mechanism to perform critical emergency information, crisis communications, and public affairs functions that are timely, accurate, and consistent. This includes training for designated participants from the Governor's office and key state agencies.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 235 relations, rumor monitoring, and emergency public information and warnings. 6.3 Identify multiple communication tools to be used to ensure the community receives information regarding the steps to be taken to prepare for evacuation, the evacuation zone, the routes of evacuation, and location of nearby shelters.
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236 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies PREPARE08 Prepare traffic management performance measures. 8.1 Analyze traffic flow of evacuation/shelter-inplace/quarantine routes focusing on all freeways and major arterial roadways serving the route.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 237 during evacuation/shelter-inplace/quarantine and to respond to emergency events. evacuations/shelter-in-place/quarantine.
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238 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies congestion issues that may occur during the evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine. 10.6 Use the capabilities of regional organizations to assist in such coordination.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 239 chance for learners to reflect on their training. Then, provide opportunities to apply their new learning shortly thereafter.
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240 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies for an Exercise Plan Template) , identification of planning team, identification of exercise objectives, scenario design, documentation creation, and logistics coordination.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 241 13.2 Regularly coordinate and communicate with FHWA, FEMA, and the state EMA along with local public agencies and key stakeholders. 13.3 Institute good business, accounting, and management practices, and align processes with federal and state requirements as much as possible.
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242 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies STEPS PHASE: RESPOND ACTION ITEM SUPPORTING ACTIONS STATUS 1. Initiate emergency response.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 243 4.10. Address emergency responder transportation needs and scene access support and staging requirements.
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244 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies RESPOND08 Take response actions.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 245 10.16. Regularly reinforce, internally and externally, that persons involved in any way with the evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine must direct all but the most basic inquiries to the JIC.
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246 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies STEPS PHASE: RECOVER ACTION ITEM SUPPORTING ACTIONS STATUS 1. Restore traffic to affected area.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 247 3.28. Coordinate reentry plans with transportation and public safety officials to staff reentry routes adequately.
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248 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Appendix A4: Checklists for Various Processes of Emergency Management Checklist of Potential Transportation Assets (High Level) Wherever possible, inventory assets, especially those that will be critical to assess during a disaster or emergency.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 249 Step 1: Assess the initial incident using available information. Incident Description Situation Location Nature of Incident/ Type of Danger (describe briefly)
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250 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Step 3: Identify and collect the types of transportation information to be shared. Description Comments About the incident – see Step 1.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 251 Step 4: Identify what information is to be provided, and what information is needed from the expected participants. danger, preferred evacuation routes, transit collection points)
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252 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies 5. Information needed from community partners 6.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 253 1. Review and discuss events that could impact the region.
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Potential Hazards Likelihood (High/ Medium/ Low) Consequence (High/Medium/ Low)
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Potential Hazards Likelihood (High/ Medium/ Low) Consequence (High/Medium/ Low)
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1.2 Plan Scope 1.2.1 Geographic Scope 1.2.1-A Determine if any of the information required for this section is available from existing jurisdiction plans or documents, e.g., CEMP. 1.2.1-B Identify the jurisdictions for which this evacuation plan is being written and to which it can be applied.
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1.2.2-I Determine the likely modes of transportation that will be available to evacuees (by geographic zone)
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1.2.3-B Determine which neighboring jurisdiction(s) will be involved in evacuation planning and evacuation response.
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2.1-A Document the requirements and practices for the coordination of agencies/officials from the local, county, state, and federal levels of governments. · Refer to item 1.2.3, Parties Involved in Planning and Conducting an Evacuation and 1.2.4, Coordination with Other Plans and Guidance, for identified agencies.
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3.2-A Identify critical assumptions regarding local parameters and conditions relevant to conducting an evacuation. Examples include: · Emergency management practices unique to the region.
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4.2-F Determine the likely number of people and vehicles that will have to be evacuated from communities pre-identified as ones that are vulnerable to specific hazards (for each identified hazard)
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5.1-G Determine how your region will move the resources and staff required to respond to an evacuation involving several jurisdictions. 5.2 5.3 Identification of Relevant Agencies 5.2-A Establish procedures for when a participating jurisdiction or when and whether the regional CAME assumes the lead role in an evacuation.
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5.3-C Identify possible locations for Incident Command Posts (ICP) , Unified and Area Commands, supporting facilities (e.g., operational control centers)
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5.4-B Determine how notifications will occur. Refer to jurisdiction and regional protocols that outline communication methods with outside jurisdictions/agencies.
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5.5-D Determine what communication methods may be used to notify the public about an incident. Examples include: · Television - with closed caption scrolling and American Sign Language interpreter on camera for major announcements · Radio · Emergency Broadcast System · Automated systems (e.g., reverse 911, variable message signs (VMS)
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5.5-I Establish procedures for providing real-time updates to citizens during an evacuation. Information to consider includes: · Incident status · Updated evacuation routes · Road closures · Traffic conditions · Shelter locations and capacities · Weather conditions 6.1 Incident Analysis 6.1.1 Command and Control 6.1.1-A Refer to your participating jurisdictions' emergency response procedures for protocols on initial identification and response to an incident.
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6.1.1-K Establish timetables to reevaluate the need for an increase/decrease in the scope of the command structure. 6.1.1-L Create procedures to establish an emergency response command structure in a timely fashion.
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6.1.4-B Identify the types of resources needed to conduct an evacuation. · Refer to item 7.1, Resource Management, for specific information on resource acquisition and identification.
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6.2.2-D Determine how far in advance of an evacuation order warning messages must be released. · Create pre-scripted messages for use during a no-notice incident.
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6.3.2-C Establish procedures for conducting assessments of transportation infrastructure in the immediate aftermath of an incident. Determine which safety considerations are relevant to potential evacuation routes.
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6.3.2-L Identify locations outside your region that are suitable shelters. · Reach out to neighboring jurisdictions.
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6.3.3-B Include provisions for selecting evacuation routes. · Determine the criteria that will be used to select the routes.
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· Refer to item 7.1, Resource Management. 6.3.3-J Determine how transportation resources will be obtained, managed, and coordinated.
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6.3.3-S Determine the method(s) of communication that can be used to broadcast route and destination information to the general public.
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6.4.1-B Establish procedures that allow for regularly scheduled evaluations of response tactics and levels once an incident occurs. · Follow procedures established under Item 5.4, Inter-Agency Communications Systems and Procedures to notify relevant agencies/jurisdictions of any changes.
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6.4.3-F Identify routes that may be dedicated for pedestrians only. · Determine how pedestrian-only routes will be marked/staffed so citizens will be aware that these routes are for use during an evacuation.
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6.4.3-N Incorporate current decontamination procedures into the evacuation plan for response to incidents involving hazardous materials. · Identify the location(s)
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6.4.5-A Determine whether your participating jurisdictions already have expense-tracking mechanisms in place. · If so, follow expense-tracking mechanisms currently in place by your participating jurisdictions.
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6.5.3-F Work with shelter operators to establish procedures for registering shelter populations. · Understand the policies and procedures of outside shelter operators.
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6.6.1-A Determine who within your region has the legal authority to declare evacuation operations complete and allow the public to return to the affected area. · Ensure the person with authority is aware of the steps that must be taken.
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6.6.3-D Determine what transportation options may be available for evacuees returning to the area. · Are there set drop-off points?
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7.1 Resource Management 7.1-A Determine the resources necessary to perform evacuation operations. · Identify categories of resources based on type and kind.
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7.2 Supportive Agreements 7.2-A Establish appropriate mutual aid agreements with neighboring jurisdictions to address resource gaps. · Refer to information gathered under item 7.1, Resource Management, for a list of resources not available in house as well as the jurisdictions likely to have the required resources.
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7.5-A Establish procedures to assemble critical data regarding evacuation performance in the aftermath of an evacuation. · Include information gathered from debriefing relevant agencies and staff.
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8.0-G Determine what process updates/changes will need to go through in order to officially be incorporated into the evacuation plan. · Is there a review committee that decides what suggestions to incorporate?
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286 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Identify stakeholders pertinent to the region that may collaborate in planning for, responding to, or recovering from a disaster or provide support for a major planned event. Identify local contacts for applicable stakeholder groups.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 287 Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Indian Health Service (INS)
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288 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information (BCLC) -- affiliate of U.S.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 289 Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information of Emergency Managers (IAEM) Disaster Training schools and consortia, e.g., Emergency Management Institute (EMI)
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290 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information (NARSC) American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 291 Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Centers (EOCs) /Joint Telecommunications Centers (JTCs)
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292 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Medical examiners/ coroners Hazmat services Dispatch services Public health Utilities: Water departments Wastewater departments Gas and electric power companies Communications companies Private Companies: Towing and recovery operators Towing and barge owners and operators Heavy equipment owners and operators Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 293 Stakeholders Emergency/ Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Association) Local animal rescue/ shelter organizations Community-Based Organizations (CBOs)
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294 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies In advance, tally the numbers of each resource that could be available for a disaster, emergency, or significant event. Use comments column to note any concerns about accessing the resource, confirmed availability, additional needs, etc.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 295 Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Management Centers (TMCs) Security cameras for critical infrastructure Intrusion detection systems for critical infrastructure (e.g., bridges, hatches, control centers)
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296 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Arterial roads Freeways Highways: interstate, federal, state, and county Bridges Tunnels Rail lines Waterways Vehicles DOT and police SUVs with cameras Heavy equipment, e.g., earth movers, backhoes, bulldozers (may be through contractors) , debris removal, reconstruction Mobile command centers Police helicopters with cameras Snow plows, other snow removal equipment Trucks equipped with radios Vehicles equipped with reflector cones and VMS in the field Vehicles equipped for hazmat response Emergency Management Equipment and Assets NTAS/Reverse 9-1-1® emergency alert notification Event radio channels to communicate with people in field Hardwired, secure telephone lines with direct links to regional municipalities Voice Interoperable Program for Emergency Response
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 297 Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information (VIPER) on mobile phones on same frequency Situational Awareness Satellite phones Critical infrastructure adjacent to facilities Maps of hurricane and surge zones, flood zones, wildfires, etc.
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298 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information during an evacuation Standard Operating Guidelines (SOG) , updated every two years Statewide mutual aid agreements for ambulances WebEOC Personnel ICS training NIMS compliance First responder standard ID Contacts in other agencies for real-time information EM personnel in EOC with decision making authority State Incident Management Team available to help counties with evacuation Logistics staff to coordinate resources and resource requests Personnel to update registry information Vehicles Ambulances (basic life support, advanced life support, bariatric)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 299 Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information 511 service operated by state to provide updates on state and interstate highways 211/311 non-emergency numbers Digital warehousedemographic, land use, traffic data GIS maps Mapping tool to provide: information to evaluate placement of law enforcement and equipment Weather information Hurricane tracking Traffic flow information, including contra flow map Modeling capabilities Evacuation models by zip code, traffic analysis zone/neighborhood, city, county, or state Hurricane models Monitoring of blue tooth numbers/other probe data to monitor traffic flow Reliable data from traffic cameras Management Centralized Traffic Operations Center (TOC) Convening leaders of different agencies to discuss evacuation plans Funding coordination Study to help public information officers access functional needs populations Personnel
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300 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Staff support to committees for planning and after-action reviews GIS Staff Transit Agency and Other Transportation Providers Equipment and Assets Evacuation route signage Generators at transit facilities GPS on buses Meters in stations to count number of people allowed into stations Parking lots where stalled vehicles can be towed Queue ropes Radios on buses Subway Stations (both non-accessible and ADA accessible) Situational Awareness Assessment to identify number of people who need assistance to evacuate from special facilities, their physical characteristics (e.g., ambulatory, able to transfer from wheelchair to bus seat, needs wheelchair, needs stretcher)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 301 Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information status and needs Joint Rail Control Center Maps for drivers (e.g., to off-site bus storage areas, pickup, transfer, and drop off points) Management 3-1-1 System to coordinate requests for evacuation transportation Communication – Internal, interagency, and external • Employee preparedness letters • Social media • Subscription service • Website Credentials/identification for all personnel Designated pickup and transfer points Documents to track assets and operators' hours Off-site vehicle storage Registry (2-1-1, access and functional needs, medical special needs)
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302 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Drivers Law Enforcement Transit personnel assigned to EOC Transit personnel to track vehicles and number of evacuees (if an evacuation event) Vehicles Arterial roads Freeways Highways: interstate, federal, state, and county Bridges Tunnels Rail lines Waterways Vehicles Buses: Numbers, sizes, capacities (regular seats)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 303 Resources Number of Assets Status Emergency Disaster Planned Event Does Not Apply Comments/ Contact Information Communications, Owner, and Operators of Critical Infrastructure Equipment and Assets Situational Awareness/ Intelligence Management Personnel Routes Communitybased/Faith-based Organizations (CBOs/FBOs) Equipment and Assets Situational Awareness/ Intelligence Management Personnel Routes
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304 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies In conjunction with other training guidance, use this document as a high-level checklist to carry out the exercise program. Resources: 1.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 305 be discussed by participants, space to record evaluator observations, and questions to consider after the exercise. Develop the evaluation of the exercise that assesses performance on three levels: 1.
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306 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Appendix A5: Templates Agency Resources Contact Sheet Template RESOURCES Area Engineer Phone No.
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 307 Organization Agency/Sub-Organization POC Name Position Title Email Telephone INTERNAL Homeland Security Coordinator Emergency Management Coordinator ESF-1 Coordinator District Contacts District A District B [continue list as necessary]
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308 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies (FBI) Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 309 Fire Department Chief Executive's Office Highway Department [continue list as necessary] Municipality A Law Enforcement Organization(s)
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310 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The [STATE NAME/JURISDICTION] – [EXERCISE TYPE – seminar, table top, etc.]
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 311 Provincial/State Participants: NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS: Participants: [#] Observers: [#]
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312 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies PART 5: ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL TASK PERFORMANCE TITLE OF TASK Task # – Subtask # Discussion Recommendations and Improvements Actions Task # – Subtask # Discussion Recommendations and Improvements Actions Task # – Subtask # Discussion Recommendations and Improvements Actions PART 6: CONCLUSIONS EXERCISE JURISDICTION/STATE – EXERCISE TYPE – EXPLAIN THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EXERCISE LIST CAPABILITIES Exercise Participants demonstrated an initial capability to: LIST RECOMMENDATIONS Exercise Participants identified several lessons learned for improvements in [EXERCISE JURISDICTION/STATE - EXERCISE TYPE]
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Bibliography and Resource Guide 313 Key Steps to Effective Collaboration A shared and compelling transportation need transcends jurisdictional boundaries and can best be addressed through regional collaboration. The following steps can aid planners in identifying and responding to transportation emergency management needs.
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314 A Guide to Emergency Management at State Transportation Agencies Questions for Collaborative Partners/Other Stakeholders to Ask Each Other To develop a comprehensive plan built on the principles in this Guide, planners and all vested stakeholder organizations must ask and be prepared to answer these key questions. These questions are designed to act as conversation starters that will lead to other questions that draw out information about specific details that apply to each region.
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Key Terms
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