Review of DOD's Approach to Deriving an Occupational Exposure Level for Trichloroethylene (2019) / Chapter Skim
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2 Approaches to Developing Exposure Values
2 Approaches to Developing Exposure Values
Pages 10-18
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, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and other organizations develop voluntary guidelines.
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These methods helped to ensure consistency in how the values were determined and that the exposure values met each agency's needs. The National Academies also evaluated whether OSHA standards for lead exposure were health protective for DOD firing range personnel (NRC 2013)
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Ideally, an analysis plan is developed to guide the narrative review. More recently, EPA and other agencies have begun to use systematic reviews in response to recommendations to provide greater transparency and rigor in toxicological assessments (NRC 2011, Scoping Mechanistic Evidence Human Human Human Problem Identify Evaluate Develop Analysis Integrate Formulation Animal Evidence Animal Evidence Animal Plan or Protocol Evidence Broad Literature Systematic or Narrative Review Search Human Reassess Studies Human Organ Organ Determine Hazard Derive Toxicity Determine UFs Animal for Dose- Animal HEC/HED Identification Values System System Response Data & Determine PODs Dose-Response Assessment and Derivation of Toxicity Values Select OEL FIGURE 2-1 Process for performing toxicological assessments to support derivation of occupational exposure values.
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to support determining reference values for the chemical. DOD's assessment framework appears to incorporate selected elements of systematic review, narrative review, and evidence integration techniques to update EPA's literature search.
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14 FIGURE 2-2 Overview of DOD's process for deriving an occupational exposure level for TCE. NOTE: HEC, health effect concentration; OEL, occupational exposure level; PBPK, physiologically based pharmacokinetic model; PECO, population, exposure, comparator, outcome; WoE, weight of evidence.
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Immunological 0.9 Effects on cell-mediated sheep red Sanders et al. 1982 Mouse, oral drinking water blood cell response and bone marrow (4, 6 mo)
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FINDINGS DOD created a process for developing an OEL that appears specifically designed for TCE. This contrasts with the development of other occupational and public health exposure guidelines, where methods were developed to be applicable to any chemical.
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Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. NASEM (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine)
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Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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