Advancing Aerial Mobility A National Blueprint (2020) / Chapter Skim
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5 Moving Forward with Advanced Aerial Mobility Implementation
5 Moving Forward with Advanced Aerial Mobility Implementation
Pages 47-60
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From page 47... ...
In order to usher in this era of historic change in aviation, public and private institutions will have to work together in close partnership to facilitate the safe construction, deployment, and acceptance of new advanced aerial mobility technologies, along with supporting infrastructure and regulatory processes. The opportunities offered by advanced aerial mobility have brought with them a wide range of opinions on how best to proceed with the integration of these capabilities into the national airspace.
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From page 48... ...
, the FAA, and potential operators and manufacturers have made it apparent that there is no clear entity or organization responsible for stimulating progress and transition to advanced aerial mobility operations. Furthermore, the regulatory and air traffic control (ATC)
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From page 49... ...
Assuming that unmanned air vehicles will generally have to look and act like currently certified manned aircraft, much work remains to ensure that highly automated advanced aerial mobility vehicles comply with emerging regulations and standards. Adapting currently available, certified automation technology is challenging from a number of perspectives.
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From page 50... ...
Finding: NASA will be conducting workshops to identify the risks associated with expanding autonomous operations. Finding: A successful advanced aerial mobility system will need to interact within relevant federal, state, and local regulatory regimes.
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From page 51... ...
Finding: The following issues are important for expanding autonomy and the use of adaptive systems in advanced aerial mobility: • Requirements for dedicated safety spectrum for advanced aerial mobility command and control communications; • Operationalizing autonomous collision avoidance maneuvering; • Human factors associated with increased vehicle autonomy; • Impact on overall ATM, including unmanned traffic, in all classes of airspace; • Approval of the software within such systems; • Need to develop best practices for advanced aerial mobility regulatory regime and model vertiport siting plans, including land use guidance; • Advanced aerial mobility system policy recommendations to overcome barriers in state and local governments; and • Standardized common vertiport components and recharging/refueling infrastructure as well as models for competitive development, deployment, and operation of distributed advanced aerial mobility infrastructure. FLIGHT TESTING AND RAPID DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS Flight testing plays an integral role in successfully building, certifying, and fielding new aerospace systems.
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From page 52... ...
Testing of unmanned or autonomous flight must, for the most part, take place under special regulatory accommodation. Unlike manned aircraft that can perform flight testing in the national airspace alongside other traffic, these aircraft must be tested under special conditions, which in most cases requires flight testing at purpose-built test ranges or, in some cases, in restricted airspace.
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From page 53... ...
There are opportunities for private entities and government organizations to cooperate to ease and even accelerate the transition to development and public acceptance of advanced aerial mobility. PUBLIC-PRIVATE COOPERATION AND URBAN AIR MOBILITY SYSTEMS The development of an ecosystem supporting the advancement of multimodal UAM will present challenges not anticipated in traditional aviation pursuits and is probably the most difficult aspect of advanced aerial mobility.
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From page 54... ...
It should be clear that advanced aerial mobility service providers need support from public organizations to advance regulatory, standards, and infrastructure elements needed for the economic growth of emergent air o perations. The situation seems ideal for the establishment of a public-private partnership focused on facilitating implementation of advanced aerial mobility.
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From page 55... ...
This would enable competition and innovation in the UAM system. Recommendation: A public-private partnership should be established to facilitate advanced aerial mobility implementation in a virtual environment to deliver as a near-term capability to define mobility systems and infrastructure requirements.
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From page 56... ...
The National Airspace System is a nodal transportation network that has seen increased density over time but that remains a relatively sparse network even today. Humans operate the vehicles flying throughout this network as well as manually coordinate and direct air traffic to ensure safe operations.
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From page 57... ...
The use of "digital twins" is an important part of modern digital control and system development technologies and thus can be used to guide airspace design and vehicle integration in urban settings. However, the digital model is constantly at risk of losing coherence with its physical ground-truth counterpart.
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From page 58... ...
MOBILIZING THE PRIVATE SECTOR Emerging advanced aerial mobility applications will lead to rapid growth in demand for airspace system management services, with varying requirements that are hard to forecast and design today. The pace of this demand growth will likewise outrun the ability of any monolithic system design to adapt and grow to meet the need, particularly if solely overseen by the public sector.
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From page 59... ...
Standing up such a group would facilitate both the creation and evolution of data content and formats as advanced aerial mobility technologies and operations evolve. Recommendation: A working group comprised of NASA, industry, academia, and the standards development organizations should prioritize research on the protocols, data formats, and data exchange standards that support advanced aerial mobility vehicles in a geospatial real-time system supporting safety-critical operations across the National Airspace System.
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