A Vision for NSF Earth Sciences 2020-2030 Earth in Time (2020) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 9-16
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From page 9... ...
• Earth's accretion and differentiation 4.5 billion years ago, which formed the iron-rich core and Such events have profoundly transformed the bulk silicate Earth; Earth and underscore the fact that we live on a remark • the subsequent development of the geodynamo able and dynamic planet. in Earth's liquid outer core, which generates the "The present is the key to the past" is a fundamen magnetic field and by doing so deflects plasma tal tenet of Earth science that remains obvious and radiation from eroding the atmosphere and important.
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From page 10... ...
A rapidly changing climate heightens these tonics revolution, for example, suddenly brought order challenges and introduces new stresses stemming from to a disparate array of previously puzzling and seemsea-level rise, drought, extreme precipitation, intensify- ingly unrelated observations. The mega-tsunami that ing storms and wildfires, and abruptly changing ecosys- have repeatedly occurred in Hawaii and other volcanic tems.
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encompasses Geobiology and Low-TemNSF DIRECTORATE FOR GEOSCIENCES AND perature Geochemistry, Geomorphology and Land Use DIVISION OF EARTH SCIENCES Dynamics, Geophysics, Hydrologic Sciences, Petrology EAR supports research addressing "the structure, and Geochemistry, Sedimentary Geology and Paleocomposition, and evolution of the Earth, the life it biology, and Tectonics. Integrative Activities includes supports, and the processes that govern the forma- EAR Education and Human Resources, Earth Scienction and behavior of the Earth's materials."1 The di- es Instrumentation and Facilities, Frontier Research in visions within NSF's Directorate for Geosciences (GEO)
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STUDY ORIGIN EAR relies on community input to develop longterm strategies for research priorities. From time to time, EAR examines its portfolio to evaluate the kinds of research, programs, and facilities to prioritize for funding opportunities for the research community.
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From page 13... ...
The final In addition, the National Academies will convene committee consisted of 20 members, working on a vol- a workshop (as an additional, integrated part of the unteer basis from November 2018 through April 2020, CORES study) to address different management models for future seismological and geodetic facility with expertise in a broad range of Earth science as well capabilities such as instrumentation, user support as geographic diversity, career-stage breadth, and gen- services, data management, education/outreach, and der balance.
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From page 14... ...
The BROES endorsement • Study fundamental physical and chemical proof the EarthScope initiative was acted on, and all three cesses of the early Earth components of EarthScope -- the geodetic Plate Bound- • Encourage work in thermo-chemical internal ary Observatory, the USArray seismological capability, dynamics and volatile distribution and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth -- were • Pursue interdisciplinary quantification of faulting successfully completed, providing new insights into the and deformation processes deformation and architecture of the North American • Encourage work on interactions among climate, continent and on the nature and properties of the San surface processes, tectonics, and deeper Earth Andreas Fault at depth. Another lasting impact stem- processes ming from the BROES report was the establishment of • Develop science projects around co-evolution of EAR's Geobiology and Low-Temperature Geochemistry life, environment, and climate program.
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From page 15... ...
. A more recent example concerns the increasing appreciation for the role of clay minerals in fighting bacteria and other health hazards, catalyzing the emergent, interdisciplinary field of geohealth, including medical mineralogy and geochemistry.
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