Rapid Expert Consultation on the Effectiveness of Fabric Masks for the COVID-19 Pandemic (April 8, 2020) (2020) / Chapter Skim
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Rapid Expert Consultation
Rapid Expert Consultation
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Office of Science and Technology Policy Executive Office of the President Eisenhower Executive Office Building 1650 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20504 Dear Dr. Droegemeier: Attached please find a rapid expert consultation that was prepared by Rich Besser and Baruch Fischhoff, members of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats, with input from Sundaresan Jayaraman and Michael Osterholm.
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In line with these observations and logic, current dichotomous infection control precautions should be updated to include measures to contain both modes of aerosolised transmission. This may require airborne precautions to be used when at risk of any aerosolized infection, as airborne precautions are considered as a step-up from droplet precautions." Gralton et al.
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Pandemic Flu -- Textile Solutions Pilot: Design and Development of Innovative Medical Masks, Final Technical Report, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, submitted to CDC, February 14, 2012. 5 The tests were conducted according to ASTM F2299-3 test method using poly-dispersed sodium chloride aerosol particles with an airflow rate of 30L/min and airflow velocity of 11 cm/s.
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The median viral loads after coughs without a mask, with a surgical mask, and with a cotton mask were similar: 2.56 log copies/mL, 2.42 log copies/mL, and 1.85 log copies/mL, respectively. All swabs from the outer mask surfaces of the masks were positive for SARS-CoV-2, whereas swabs from three out of the four symptomatic patients from the inner mask surfaces were negative.
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. Although not directly germane to the question of protecting others, the study found a modest degree of protection for the wearer from cloth masks, an intermediate degree from surgical masks, and a marked degree with the equivalent of N95 masks.
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Focused research could help determine when precautionary behaviors reinforce or displace one another. It is critically important that any discussion of homemade fabric masks reinforce the central importance of physical distancing and personal hygiene (frequent handwashing)
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Member Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats APPENDIX Authors and Reviewers of This Rapid Expert Consultation This rapid expert consultation was prepared by staff of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and members of the National Academies' Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats: Richard Besser, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and Baruch Fischhoff, Carnegie Mellon University. The following subjectmatter experts also provided input: Sundaresan Jayaraman, Georgia Tech, and Michael Osterholm, University of Minnesota.
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