Strengthening U.S. Air Force Human Capital Management A Flight Plan for 2020-2030 (2021) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: U.S. Air Force Workforce Data
Appendix C: U.S. Air Force Workforce Data
Pages 197-222
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From page 197... ...
This Appendix focuses on the active duty force, although other branches of the Total Force -- the Air Force Reserve and the Air National Guard -- are included to the extent that they may be impacted by the same externalities and seek to achieve similar goals in the recruitment, selection, classification, and retention of enlisted personnel and officers. DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN THE UNITED STATES Before reviewing the demographics of the Air Force, it is important to understand how the changing demographics of the general U.S.
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Since the majority of entrants to the labor force, college, and military fall into this age group, these changing demographics will impact the recruiting pool and ultimately Air Force demographics. In his written confirmation testimony, General Brown, Chief of Staff of the Air Force, succinctly explained the importance of understanding demographic changes in the United States and preparing for those changes within the Air Force human capital system: The strength of our nation is fully realized when we apply a "whole of gov ernment" approach as we confront the vast array of complex challenges -- FIGURE C-1 Population trends, 16- to 24-year-olds.
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I believe that a national campaign for voluntary public, national or military service would benefit our whole society as it serves the greater good and helps a new genera tion better understand the workings of government while engaging in the forward progress of our nation (Brown, 2020, p.
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military. By service branch, however, the Air Force and Army are lower than the average with a ratio of 4.1 to 1, while the Marine Corps' ratio is 7.7 to 1 (DoD, 2018)
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See also Figure C-4 for a details of comprehensive DoD force marital status and children. The Air Force Total Force In the Air Force, the Total Force, which includes active duty members, civilian personnel, Air National Guard, Air Force Reserve Command, and Individual Ready Reserve, has remained relatively steady over the past
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Active Duty Military Personnel Master File (September 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2018)
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Understanding the potential number of enlistees that may consider military service provides an important operating picture for the work of Air Force Recruiting Service. Propensity to serve in the Armed Forces has historically been measured by DoD's Youth Poll (previously called the Youth Attitude Tracking Survey)
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TABLE C-2 USAF Total Force as of September 30, 2018 204 SOURCE: Air Force Magazine (2019, p.
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Air Force Active Duty Demographics Below is a current snapshot of Air Force active duty member demographics as of January 1, 2020. Age • 35 average age of the officer force • 28 average age for the enlisted force • 39% are younger than age 26 • 46% of enlisted are younger than age 26 • 13% of officers are younger than age 26 Gender • 20.9% women • 21.9% of the officers are women • 20.6% of enlisted corps are women • 59% of the female officers are line officers; 41% are non-line • 85% of the male officers are line officers; 15% are non-line • 68,470 total population of women • 806 female pilots; 347 navigators; 233 air battle managers continued
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• 134 active duty members married to Reserve/Guard other service • ,268 active duty married to a member of the Air Force Reserves or Air 4 National Guard • 151,837 active duty members are not married Family • 381,721 family members are supported by active duty personnel • 246,433 family members reside in an Airman's household • 0.2% of the current force is assigned overseas (including Alaska and 2 Hawaii) , which includes 9,181 officers and 57,254 enlisted personnel Education • 54.4% of officers have advanced or professional degrees • 42.2% of officers have master's degrees • 10.1% of officers have professional degrees • 2.2% of officers have doctorate degrees • 59.2% of enlisted completed some college • 24.0% of enlisted have associate's degrees • 8.9% of enlisted have bachelor's degrees • 1.9% of enlisted have master's degree • 0.025% of enlisted have professional degrees SOURCE: Air Force Personnel Center (2020)
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Gender Military service propensity is higher for males than females among all cat egories, including education and race/ethnicity. Overall, female propensity is ap proximately half of male propensity.
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One key influencer on propensity to serve comes from the support of family and friends. However, the Youth Poll found influencers were 70 percent likely in 2016 to support the decision to join the military, while 47 percent would recommend military service.
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ALTERNATIVE MILITARY PATHWAYS There are several additional programs that expose youth to the military and thereby provide alternative pathways to military service. First, the Air Force College Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC)
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210 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 Total Enlisted Recruits High School Graduates FIGURE C-6 Air Force total recruitment and high school graduate numbers of enlisted Airmen (FY2000–FY2019)
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. Among AC commissioned o fficer gains in FY2018 for the Air Force, sources of commission included 20 percent service academy, 3 percent ROTC scholarship, 31 percent ROTC non-scholarship, 27 percent Platoon Leaders Course/OCS/Officer Training School, 18 percent direct appointment, and less than 1 percent other/unknown (USD P&R, 2019, table 32)
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From page 212... ...
To begin this training, Airmen must achieve qualifying scores on the AFOQT, pass a selection board, and meet the following qualifications: • Be between ages 18 and 33 years; • Have a bachelor's degree; • Successfully pass a background investigation; • Complete Officer Training School, Air Force Academy, or ROTC;
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Billy Mitchell Award; CAP cadets who earn this award A enlist in the Air Force at a higher pay grade • ward college scholarships in several disciplines A Aerospace Education • ational academic standards-based science, technology, ngineering, N e and mathematics (STEM) aerospace curricula kindergarten through c ollege classrooms affecting more than 600,000 K–12 students annually nationwide • enerates interest in STEM careers through aviation, space, and cyber G focused activities and CAP "STEM Kits" associated with astronomy, flight simulation, model and remote-control aircraft, robotics, rocketry, weather, hydraulic engineering, and computer programming • erpetuates an early interest in aerospace/STEM subjects and careers P through the K–6 grade Aerospace Connections in Education (ACE)
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Women were able to enter pilot training in 1976, navigator training in 1977, and fighter pilot training in 1993. Currently, there are only 806 female pilots (Air Force Personnel Center, 2020)
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BOX C-4 Military and Private-Sector Comparison Below is a summary of some of the differences between military and private sector careers, and a discussion of factors that may play a role in individual job selection and military recruitment and retention. Military Services Reputation Numerous surveys have shown the American population to have a high regard for the military, and the military consistently scores higher than other insti tutions in public confidence (Newport, 2019)
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The value of the job opportunities of both will depend on individual interests and skill ability. For some enlistees, the possibility of not having a job that is transferable to the private sector is a disincentive for military service.
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. Some anecdotal evidence suggests that military service enhances civilian careers and vice versa; however, some employees may feel that they maximize neither their military nor their civilian career.
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As stated above, the net effect of the military enlistment standards is to further reduce the pool of potential enlistees. Nevertheless, these standards, particularly physical fitness standards, can create a powerful sense of belonging to an elite group.
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Yet the Air Force consistently attracts and recruits to exceed its goals both in quality and quantity. To be successful across the full range of human capital needs, from recruitment to separation, the Air Force must navigate complicated and complex variables and relationships.
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. Department of Defense Youth Poll Wave 20 -- December 2010: Overview Report.
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. Air Force Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps.
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AIR FORCE HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT U.S. Census Bureau.
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