Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses (2021) / Chapter Skim
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54 3.1 Overview Up-front capital costs are one of the biggest obstacles facing the current ZEB market. For your first ZEB deployment, you should anticipate capital costs related to: • Vehicle costs, • Fueling equipment costs, • Fueling infrastructure installation costs, • Electric utility upgrades, and • Maintenance facility modifications.
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Capital Costs and Funding Opportunities 55 3.2 Key Stakeholder Considerations Project Managers • Complete bus and infrastructure cost analyses before each deployment. OEMs or transit agencies that have deployed the technology may be able to provide cost estimates for equipment or lessons learned.
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56 Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses 3.3 Capital Costs Capital costs for a ZEB deployment may include, but are not limited to: • Vehicle costs, • Fueling equipment costs, • Fueling infrastructure installation costs, • Utility upgrades, and • Maintenance facility modifications. ZEB costs will be transit agency-specific and based on the different configurable options of the buses, the size of the deployment, required facility upgrades, and fueling approach.
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Capital Costs and Funding Opportunities 57 Table 3-1 and Table 3-2 contain high-level cost estimates for various components of FCEB and BEB deployments, respectively. Because the magnitude of costs vary with deployment size, estimated costs for a five bus deployment, and estimated costs for a 50 bus deployment are shown.
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58 Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses Table 3-2. Cost estimates for battery electric bus deployment components.
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Capital Costs and Funding Opportunities 59 Figure 3-2. Estimated relative costs of a five FCEB deployment with hydrogen delivery and a five BEB deployment with plug-in depot charging.
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60 Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses Figure 3-3. Estimated relative costs of a fifty FCEB deployment with hydrogen delivery and a fifty BEB deployment with plug-in depot charging.
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Capital Costs and Funding Opportunities 61 The FCEB costs shown in Figure 3-2 and Figure 3-3 reflect a scenario where hydrogen is delivered. Estimated costs for on-site production of hydrogen are shown in Table 3-3.
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62 Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses Table 3-4. Estimated costs of overhead or inductive chargers in an on-route charging configuration.
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Capital Costs and Funding Opportunities 63 Electric utility companies are also increasing their support for ZEB deployments. According to the Utility Filings Dashboard, 16 utilities in 14 states have been approved to invest more than $590 million in electrification programs, some focused on buses and trucks (Smith, 2019a)
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64 Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses Vehicle Program is included in the Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST)
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Capital Costs and Funding Opportunities 65 discussions. The type of utility will dictate the required procedures for any new rate structures or pilot programs.
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66 Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses o Total Cost of Ownership to Advance Clean Transit, California Air Resources Board o Advanced Clean Transit Program – Literature Review on Transit Bus Maintenance Cost, California Air Resources Board
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