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1 Introduction and Overview
Pages 11-19

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From page 11...
... The committee was initially constituted in 1 The statement of task (see Box 1-1) specifically refers to "native plant seed," The report will use native plant seed to encompass not only seeds but other plant materials, such as containerized stock, bare root seedlings, cuttings, rhizomes, tissue culture callus material, and other plant propagules.
From page 12...
... BOX 1-1 Statement of Task An ad hoc study committee appointed by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will assess federal, state, tribal, and private sector needs and capacity for supplying native plant seeds for ecological restoration and other purposes. The assessment will focus on the western continental United States and incorporate information from assessments of other U.S.
From page 13...
... Field trips to seed-growing and ecological restoration sites in Irvine and Los Angeles provided firsthand insight into the scale of native seed needs in urban and semi-urban settings. Throughout this stage of the assessment, individual members of the committee sought information and insight from professionals in public and private organizations engaged in the native plant materials supply chain.
From page 14...
... . One way to categorize native plant materials by describing their "natural" or "manipulated" status and their degree of development has been set forth by the Association of Official Seed Certification Agencies (AOSCA)
From page 15...
... , have been greatly increased and applied across wide geographic ranges, especially in Western states. However, some restoration practitioners have questioned whether it is appropriate to use these native releases for ecological restoration so broadly outside of their areas of geographic provenance, and this practice runs counter to directives by the Forest Service and other agencies to be guided by seed zones in selecting seed (Breed et al., 2018; Leger and Baughman, 2015)
From page 16...
... In other restorative activities, including revegetation with specific aims such as forage production or soil stabilization, there is generally greater acceptance of using widely adapted native seed from other seed zones or of genetically manipulated varieties of native species that have been bred for qualities such as fast growth, high biomass production, or wide climatic tolerance. Active and extensive debate continues about what mixtures of species and genotypes of native seeds are suitable for particular purposes and specific locations.
From page 17...
... While the typical goal for ecological restoration is to use seeds from the same provenance or seed zone as the restoration site, the response to large unplanned disturbances such as fires often relies on the use of native seeds from adjacent seed zones, manipulated-track cultivars, or even non-native species (Camhi, et al., 2019; Peppin et al., 2010)
From page 18...
... 2020. Assisted migration across fixed seed zones detects adaptation lags in two major North American tree species.
From page 19...
... 2014. The challenge of using native plant materials for sagebrush steppe restoration in the Great Basin.


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