Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations (2020) / Chapter Skim
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4 Current State of Data Collection
4 Current State of Data Collection
Pages 73-92
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From page 73... ...
These efforts parallel the evolution of measures to assess other aspects of identity that are equally important in understanding disparities affecting SGD populations, such as race, ethnicity, primary language, and disability.1 Most of the existing research on the demography of SGD populations has focused on sexual orientation identity (e.g., self-identification as gay, lesbian, bisexual, heterosexual, or another sexual orientation) and samesex sexual behavior and attraction.
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From page 74... ...
, data elements that are particularly relevant to SGD population research include but are not limited to • sexual orientation identity • sexual behavior • sexual attraction • gender composition of partnered and marital relationships • gender identity • sex assigned at birth • gender expression • transgender status • intersex status Although these data elements are often assumed to be associated solely with LGBT, intersex, and other SGD populations, it is important to note that these elements apply equally to all people. Every person has a sexual orientation, a gender identity, and physical sex characteristics, and partnered and marital relationships are a fundamental part of life for many people.
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From page 75... ...
There are many examples of publicly and privately sponsored data collection activities, however, in which these data are not yet collected. The well-being of SGD populations across the United States could be improved by the addition of sexual orientation, gender identity, and intersex status measures to a wide variety of data collection instruments, including but not limited to those listed in Table 4-1.
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From page 76... ...
(HHS) Daily Tracking Survey Gallup Present Decennial Census Census Bureau (DOC)
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From page 77... ...
CURRENT STATE OF DATA COLLECTION 77 Relevant Data Sexual Orientation Gender Identity Intersex Status Identity Sex assigned at birth; gender Sex assigned at birth question includes transgender includes intersex options option No No No Identity No No No No No Identityb Transgender statusb No No No No No No No No No No Identity Transgender combined with No lesbian, gay, and bisexual No No No No No No Identity, behavior No No Rare Rare No Identity and attraction Gender question includes No combined, behavior transgender options, gender expression Identity No No Identity Modified two-step No continued
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From page 78... ...
Statistics (CDC, HHS) National Crime Bureau of Justice Statistics Present Victimization Survey (DOJ)
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From page 79... ...
CURRENT STATE OF DATA COLLECTION 79 Relevant Data Sexual Orientation Gender Identity Intersex Status Identity Gender question includes No transgender options Identity, attraction Gender identity, sex assigned No at birth No No No No No No Identity Modified two-step No Identity Two-step No Identity, attraction, No No behavior Identity No No Identity, behavior No No Identity, behavior Two-stepf Sex assigned at birth includes intersex option Identity, behavior Gender question includes No transgender option Identity No No Identity, attraction, Two-step, gender expression No behavior No No No Identity, behavior No No No No No Identity, attraction No No continued
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From page 80... ...
aData on sexual orientation, gender identity, or intersex status. bThis topic is not part of the national survey core measures, but 37 jurisdictions have used a CDC-sponsored question module to gather data about sexual orientation and gender identity; several other states assess sexual orientation or gender identity using their own question designs.
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From page 81... ...
CURRENT STATE OF DATA COLLECTION 81 Relevant Data Sexual Orientation Gender Identity Intersex Status Identity, attraction, No No behavior Identity No No No No No Identity Transgender status No No No No No No No Identity, attraction Transgender status No Hate crime victimization Hate crime victimization on No on basis of sexual basis of gender identity orientation No No No No No No No No No Identity Gender question includes No transgender options Identity Gender question includes No transgender options Identity, behavior Transgender statuse No dAs of August 2020, not being fielded. eA gender identity measure was piloted by 19 jurisdictions (10 states and 9 school districts)
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From page 82... ...
. In 2016, researchers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau conducted cognitive interviews and exploratory focus groups to consider the inclusion of sexual orientation and gender identity questions on the Current Population Survey (CPS)
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From page 83... ...
All these methodological questions require exploration in order to optimize the process of collecting, analyzing, and using data on sexual orientation, gender identity, and intersex status to improve the well-being of SGD populations. The need for continued methodological research, however, does not mean that these data should not be collected using tools that are currently available: continuous improvement and refinement of sampling techniques and question designs is a normal and necessary iterative process in any type of demographic data collection (Hughes et al., 2016)
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From page 84... ...
The NIH Sexual and Gender Minority Research Office and the Federal Interagency Working Group on Improving Measurement of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity have both collected and made available examples of questions that can be used to measure sexual orientation identity, attraction, and behavior (as well as gender identity, which is discussed below) (Federal Interagency Working Group, 2016b; SGMRO, 2018a)
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From page 85... ...
The sex assigned at birth component should be used only to aid in identification of transgender respondents who identify simply as male or female. In clinical settings, sex assigned at birth may also underpin such decision support algorithms as preventive screening indications, but anatomical inventories may be used instead of assigned sex data to inform clinical decision support (Deutsch et al., 2013)
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From page 86... ...
. Gender expression measures are most often used in the context of research with youth, reflecting the importance of assessing sexual orientation and gender identity at various development stages (Roberts et al., 2013)
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From page 87... ...
. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS SGD demographic data collection efforts to date have focused largely on sexual orientation identity.
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From page 88... ...
These data gaps limit the ability to understand how sexual orientation and gender identity develop over the life course and the roles that these aspects of identity, along with intersex status, play in affecting the well-being of SGD people. CONCLUSION 4-2: Point-in-time and longitudinal demographic data on sexual orientation, gender identity, and intersex status are needed to drive research agendas, monitor population trends, guide the equi table distribution of funding and other resources, and inform policies to advance equity by effectively addressing disparities affecting sexual and gender diverse populations.
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From page 89... ...
Federal Interagency Working Group on Improving Measurement of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Federal Surveys.
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From page 90... ...
. 2013 National Health Interview Survey, Public Use Data Release: A Brief Quality Assessment of the NHIS Sexual Orientation Data.
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From page 91... ...
. Best Practices for Asking Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity on Surveys.
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