Mobile Technology for Adaptive Aging Proceedings of a Workshop (2020) / Chapter Skim
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4 Use of Technologies for Social Connectedness and Well-Being and as a Tool for Research Data Collection in Older Adults - Karen L. Fingerman, Kira S. Birditt, and Debra J. Umberson
4 Use of Technologies for Social Connectedness and Well-Being and as a Tool for Research Data Collection in Older Adults - Karen L. Fingerman, Kira S. Birditt, and Debra J. Umberson
Pages 67-84
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From page 67... ...
, Social Networks and Well-being in Late Life: A Study of Daily Mechanisms (R01AG046460; Karen L Fingerman, Principal investigator P2CHD042849 awarded to the Population Research Center (PRC)
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From page 68... ...
Social connections are fundamental to overall health and well-being throughout life, and mobile technologies may provide critical tools for generating and supporting those connections for older populations. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN LATE LIFE The term "information and communication technologies" (ICTs)
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From page 69... ...
Smart clothing Levi's Commuter x Jacquard, Sensoria Fitness Socks, Nadi X Measures: heart rate, distance traveled, altitude, posture adjustments Mobile phone Apple Health app, MyFitnessPal, Strava health apps Measures: step count, distance, heart rate, calories burned Business A category of ICT that is concerned with Word processors Word, Google Docs, Pages the presentation, preservation, and manipulation of data in a workplace or classroom. Spreadsheets Excel, Google Sheets Presentation Powerpoint, Prezi, Keynote software Communication Webex, Zoom, GoToMeeting meetings Social A type of ICT that facilitates information Social media Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, exchange and communication between two Pinterest or more individuals Video messaging Skype, FaceTime Text messaging Mobile phone apps: Messenger, GroupMe, WhatsApp, iMessages Dating Bumble, Tinder, Match.com Video sharing YouTube, Tik Tok Digital assistants Alexa, Siri, Google Home Transactions Venmo, PayPal, Cash App, mobile banking apps
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From page 70... ...
Nearly all young adults of all socioeconomic backgrounds have access to an array of technologies and regularly use ICTs to connect with other people, but for older adults, a lack of economic, educational, and social resources may place constraints on access to, and effective use of technologies for social connection. Demographic factors associated with technology use in old age include advantaged statuses, such as younger age, higher education and income, better health, being non-Hispanic White and speaking English (Berkowsky, Sharit, and Czaja, 2018)
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From page 71... ...
For example, smartphone apps or other technologies that have the potential to facilitate communication in late life may be too complicated for many older adults or may require fine motor skills that are too demanding (Charness and Boot, 2016)
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From page 72... ...
. A clinical trial introduced older adults to the internet, social media, and emails in a continuous care retirement community (i.e., a single facility with older adults residing in independent living units, assisted living units, and skilled nursing facilities; Cotten et al., 2017)
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From page 73... ...
In sum, ICTs, including social media, have the potential to help retain and reinforce existing supportive ties and also have the potential to generate new social connections. SOCIAL USE OF TECHNOLOGIES AND WELL-BEING IN LATE LIFE Researchers are particularly interested in whether ICTs can be used for social connection to improve social engagement, social isolation, loneliness, depressive symptoms and depression, life satisfaction, and physical wellbeing.
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From page 74... ...
Hutto and colleagues (2015) also drew on the convenience sample in the Georgia Tech Home Lab to show that older adults who engaged in directed communications via SNSs (as opposed to broadcast and passive communications)
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From page 75... ...
Additional research is necessary to understand how phone use, texting, video conferencing, and other one-to-one social connections via ICT might be beneficial in the absence of other face-to-face connection. INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE SOCIAL CONNECTION VIA ICT USE Given the number of devices available to facilitate communication easily and inexpensively, interventions to mitigate social isolation and improve social connectedness in late life are tenable.
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From page 76... ...
Inter ventions that target one older adult may be ineffective in the absence of including the broader social circle. USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES IN RESEARCH ON SOCIAL CONNECTIVITY Although the literature regarding older adults' use of mobile technology has focused broadly on ICTs, researchers have specifically used mobile tech
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From page 77... ...
. TABLE 4-2 Mobile Assessments and Definitions and Definitions TABLE 4-2 Mobile Assessments Type Type Definition Definition Self-reported Self-reported Daily diary Daily diary Surveys completed once a daycompleted once a day Surveys Ecological momentary assessment Ecological momentary assessment Surveys completed multiple times a day multiple times a day Surveys completed Interval-based assessments Interval-based assessments Surveys arrive at set times Surveys arrive at set times Event based Event based Surveys completed when particular events occur Surveys completed when particular events occur Random Random Surveys arrive at random times Surveys arrive at random times Observational Observational Mobile phone logs Mobile phone logs Logs of text messages and phone calls Logs of text messages and phone calls GPS GPS Location information Location information Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR )
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From page 78... ...
Our recent research identified associations between social integration, daily activities, and physical activity in late life using cological E Momentary Assessments on handheld Android devices -- supplemented by objective indicators of physical activity measured with Actical accelerometers (Fingerman et al., 2019)
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From page 79... ...
Below, we briefly review several major themes in the current research evidence on mobile technology use and social connectivity with older populations and identify strategic directions for future research. The first major theme concerns the need for additional research on informa ion and communication technologies and social connection among t older adults.
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From page 80... ...
interventions to increase social connectivity via adoptions of ICTs, and (e) research applications using mobile technologies.
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From page 81... ...
. Age differences in online social networking: Extending Socioemotional Selectivity Theory to social network sites.
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From page 82... ...
. Variety is the spice of late life: Social integration and daily activity.
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From page 83... ...
adults using social media, including Facebook, is mostly unchanged since 2018. Pew Research Center.
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From page 84... ...
. The relationships that matter: Social network site use and social wellbeing among older adults in the United States of America.
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